Meteorological variability plays a pivotal role in ambient air pollution. An in-depth analysis of air pollutants including meteorological variables in four suburbs of greater Sydney, Australia, was carried out for a continuous period of 24 months from January 2016 to 2018. Results revealed significant air quality problems with seasonal trends, for all six pollutants, in all suburbs. Maximum 24-h average PM 10 concentrations for the four suburbs were 49.4, 55.3, 74.0 and 102.8 μg/m 3 demonstrating severe PM 10 air pollution events. NO 2 concentrations exceeded national guideline limits and all four suburbs showed higher than recommended concentrations of O 3 . Generalised additive model analysis displayed varying dependencies between air pollutants and meteorological variables influenced by season and location. Different plots were used to interpret data in terms of meteorological variables. Generally, easterly and southerly winds led to the highest average concentrations of air pollutants for all suburbs. Extremes in air quality pollution concentrations were related to east and west winds and higher wind speeds (4–8 m/s). Wide variations existed in air pollutants between the 10th and 95th percentile values, especially PM 10 . Minimum and maximum concentration of all analysed pollutants occurred during low temperatures (11.7–18.4 °C) with the exception of ozone favouring higher temperatures (24–38 °C) during hotter months. Results show pollution formation varies in different seasons and suburbs, in relation to meteorological variables. This study can be used to mitigate, improve prediction and forecast accuracy of air pollution. Such studies open the possibilities to explore the effects of air quality and its impact on public health.

中文翻译：

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澳大利亚大悉尼四个郊区空气质量污染物及其与气象变量的关系

气象变异在环境空气污染中起着举足轻重的作用。从 2016 年 1 月到 2018 年连续 24 个月，对澳大利亚大悉尼四个郊区的空气污染物（包括气象变量）进行了深入分析。 结果显示，所有六种污染物都存在具有季节性趋势的严重空气质量问题，在所有郊区。四个郊区的最大 24 小时平均 PM 10 浓度分别为 49.4、55.3、74.0 和 102.8 μg/m 3，表明 PM 10 空气污染严重。NO 2 浓度超过国家指导限值，所有四个郊区的O 3 浓度均高于推荐浓度。广义加性模型分析显示了受季节和位置影响的空气污染物和气象变量之间的不同依赖性。使用不同的图来解释气象变量方面的数据。一般来说，东风和南风导致所有郊区的空气污染物平均浓度最高。空气质量污染浓度的极端情况与东风和西风以及更高的风速（4-8 m/s）有关。空气污染物在第 10 个和第 95 个百分位值之间存在很大差异，尤其是 PM 10 。所有分析的污染物的最小和最大浓度发生在低温 (11.7–18.4 °C) 期间，但臭氧在较热的月份有利于较高的温度 (24–38 °C)。结果显示，与气象变量有关的污染形成在不同季节和郊区有所不同。该研究可用于减轻、提高空气污染的预测和预报准确性。