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Structure system estimation under seismic excitation with an adaptive extended Kalman filter
Journal of Sound and Vibration ( IF 4.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jsv.2020.115690
Yaohua Yang , Tomonori Nagayama , Kai Xue

Abstract An adaptive extended Kalman filter (EKF) with two computation modes is proposed for system estimation of civil engineering structures under seismic excitations. The KF, in general, requires the process noise covariance matrix, which defines the uncertainty of the system model used in the filter, to be set appropriately. However, process noise is usually not known in practice, and tuning process noise in a trial-and-error manner can be time consuming and subjective; unsuccessful tuning can even result in divergence of the filter. In this study, the Robbins–Monro (RM) algorithm is combined with an EKF to adjust process noise automatically. Two computation modes, corresponding to time-invariant and time-varying parameter identification, are employed in the EKF-RM method. The RM algorithm makes the EKF-RM method robust and practical. In this study, the EKF-RM method is first numerically investigated with a simplified four-degrees-of-freedom (4-DOF) lumped mass model based on a real civil structure. In addition, the parameter variation tracking capability of the method is also studied by employing the 4-DOF lumped mass model. Further, the EKF-RM method is validated by two shaking table experiments from the E-defense database, including a full-scale four-story building experiment and a substructure experiment. Time-invariant system parameters are identified for the four-story building. Modal frequencies computed using the identified parameters are compared with the modal analysis results. Time-varying parameter identification is demonstrated by using the substructure experiment, which reveals strong nonlinearity.

中文翻译:

基于自适应扩展卡尔曼滤波器的地震激励下结构系统估计

摘要 针对土木工程结构在地震激励下的系统估计,提出了一种具有两种计算模式的自适应扩展卡尔曼滤波器(EKF)。通常,KF 需要适当设置过程噪声协方差矩阵,该矩阵定义了滤波器中使用的系统模型的不确定性。然而,过程噪声在实践中通常是未知的,以试错方式调整过程噪声既耗时又主观;不成功的调谐甚至会导致滤波器发散。在本研究中,Robbins-Monro (RM) 算法与 EKF 相结合以自动调整过程噪声。EKF-RM 方法采用两种计算模式,分别对应于时不变和时变参数识别。RM 算法使 EKF-RM 方法稳健且实用。在这项研究中,EKF-RM 方法首先使用基于真实土木结构的简化四自由度 (4-DOF) 集中质量模型进行数值研究。此外,还利用四自由度集中质量模型研究了该方法的参数变化跟踪能力。此外,EKF-RM 方法通过来自 E-defense 数据库的两个振动台实验进行验证,包括一个全尺寸的四层建筑实验和一个子结构实验。确定了四层建筑的时不变系统参数。使用确定的参数计算的模态频率与模态分析结果进行比较。通过使用子结构实验证明了时变参数识别,其显示出很强的非线性。EKF-RM 方法首先使用基于真实土木结构的简化四自由度 (4-DOF) 集中质量模型进行数值研究。此外,还利用四自由度集中质量模型研究了该方法的参数变化跟踪能力。此外,EKF-RM 方法通过来自 E-defense 数据库的两个振动台实验进行验证,包括一个全尺寸的四层建筑实验和一个子结构实验。确定了四层建筑的时不变系统参数。使用确定的参数计算的模态频率与模态分析结果进行比较。通过使用子结构实验证明了时变参数识别,其显示出很强的非线性。EKF-RM 方法首先使用基于真实土木结构的简化四自由度 (4-DOF) 集中质量模型进行数值研究。此外,还利用四自由度集中质量模型研究了该方法的参数变化跟踪能力。此外,EKF-RM 方法通过来自 E-defense 数据库的两个振动台实验进行验证,包括一个全尺寸的四层建筑实验和一个子结构实验。确定了四层建筑的时不变系统参数。使用确定的参数计算的模态频率与模态分析结果进行比较。通过使用子结构实验证明了时变参数识别,其显示出很强的非线性。
更新日期:2020-12-01
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