abstract Smart and wearable strain sensors have sparked enormous research interests in various applications of flexible electronic devices. For this topic, it remains a huge challenge to acquire wide sensing range, high sensitivity, superior durability and fast response synergistically. Herein, we present an ultra-sensitive and durable strain sensor with sandwich structure to address the issues, which is mainly composed of the composite of carbon black (CB)/aligned thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) fibrous mat and the Ecoflex. The CB/TPU/Ecoflex strain sensor (CTESS) is prepared via decorating CB nanoparticles onto the aligned electrospun TPU fibrous mats by ultrasonication, then encapsulated with Ecoflex to develop a sandwich structure. This structure provides effective protection for the conductive CB/TPU fibrous network, endowing the strain sensor with excellent sensing performances, including low detection limit (0.5% strain), wide response range (up to 225% strain), ultrahigh sensitivity (maximum gauge factor of 3186.4 at strain of 225%), fast response time (70 ms) and favorable repeatability even after 5000 stretching/releasing cycles. CTESS also shows an excellent anti-interference capability to external humidity and temperature. The CTESS is then assembled as artificial electronic skins to monitor various human motions, exhibiting great application prospects in next-generation wearable electronics.

中文翻译：

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超灵敏耐用的夹层结构应变传感器，具有出色的抗干扰能力，适用于可穿戴电子皮肤

摘要 智能和可穿戴应变传感器在柔性电子设备的各种应用中引发了巨大的研究兴趣。对于这个课题，要同时获得宽传感范围、高灵敏度、卓越的耐用性和快速响应仍然是一个巨大的挑战。在此，我们提出了一种具有夹层结构的超灵敏耐用应变传感器来解决这些问题，该传感器主要由炭黑（CB）/取向热塑性聚氨酯（TPU）纤维垫和 Ecoflex 的复合材料组成。CB/TPU/Ecoflex 应变传感器 (CTESS) 是通过将 CB 纳米粒子通过超声处理装饰在对齐的电纺 TPU 纤维垫上，然后用 Ecoflex 封装以形成夹心结构来制备的。这种结构为导电CB/TPU纤维网络提供了有效的保护，赋予应变传感器优异的传感性能，包括低检测限（0.5% 应变）、宽响应范围（高达 225% 应变）、超高灵敏度（应变为 225% 时最大应变系数为 3186.4）、快速响应时间（70 ms) 和良好的重复性，即使在 5000 次拉伸/释放循环之后。CTESS还显示出对外部湿度和温度的出色抗干扰能力。CTESS然后组装成人造电子皮肤来监测各种人体运动，在下一代可穿戴电子产品中展现出巨大的应用前景。快速响应时间 (70 ms) 和良好的重复性，即使在 5000 次拉伸/释放循环后也是如此。CTESS还显示出对外部湿度和温度的出色抗干扰能力。CTESS然后组装成人造电子皮肤来监测各种人体运动，在下一代可穿戴电子产品中展现出巨大的应用前景。快速响应时间 (70 ms) 和良好的重复性，即使在 5000 次拉伸/释放循环后也是如此。CTESS还显示出对外部湿度和温度的出色抗干扰能力。CTESS然后组装成人造电子皮肤来监测各种人体运动，在下一代可穿戴电子产品中展现出巨大的应用前景。