Purpose To evaluate the long-term functional and morphological changes occurring in myopic eyes with a dome-shaped macula (DSM), with or without untreated serous retinal detachment (SRD). Methods This prospective, single-centre study enrolled consecutive cases of highly myopic patients with DSM with or without a SRD. Patients underwent complete ophthalmological examinations, optical coherence tomography, axial length measurements and autofluorescence. Follow-up visits were performed with a maximum interval of 6 months for 4 years. Eyes with choroidal neovascularisation were excluded. Results Twenty-six eyes from 18 patients (mean age 61.2) were included. At baseline, 13 eyes had SRD and 13 did not. The DSMs were either horizontal (69%) or round (31%). There were no significant differences in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) between eyes with and without SRD during the 48-month follow-up period. Multivariate analysis showed that baseline BCVA was the only parameter among those analysed (age and SRD height) to have a significant effect on the final BCVA (p<0.0001). SRD fluctuated overtime and SRD height was significantly influenced by choroidal thickness (p=0.002). The scleral bulge thickness had no effect on SRD thickness. Conclusions BCVA remained clinically stable over 4 years without treatment despite the fluctuations and persistence of the SRDs.

中文翻译：

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伴有或不伴有未经治疗的浆液性视网膜脱离的高度近视眼的长期自然史：一项为期 4 年的随访研究

目的 评估有或没有未经治疗的浆液性视网膜脱离 (SRD) 的具有圆顶状黄斑 (DSM) 的近视眼发生的长期功能和形态学变化。方法 这项前瞻性、单中心研究连续招募了伴有或不伴有 SRD 的高度近视 DSM 患者。患者接受了完整的眼科检查、光学相干断层扫描、轴向长度测量和自发荧光。随访时间最长为 6 个月，为期 4 年。排除脉络膜新生血管的眼睛。结果 18 名患者（平均年龄 61.2 岁）的 26 只眼被纳入研究。在基线时，13 只眼睛患有 SRD，13 只眼睛没有。DSM 是水平的（69%）或圆形的（31%）。在 48 个月的随访期间，有和没有 SRD 的眼睛之间的最佳矫正视力 (BCVA) 没有显着差异。多变量分析表明，基线 BCVA 是所分析的那些（年龄和 SRD 身高）中唯一对最终 BCVA 有显着影响的参数（p<0.0001）。SRD 随时间波动，SRD 高度受脉络膜厚度的显着影响（p=0.002）。巩膜隆起厚度对 SRD 厚度没有影响。结论 尽管 SRDs 波动和持续存在，但 BCVA 在未经治疗的情况下在 4 年内保持临床稳定。SRD 随时间波动，SRD 高度受脉络膜厚度的显着影响（p=0.002）。巩膜隆起厚度对 SRD 厚度没有影响。结论 尽管 SRDs 波动和持续存在，但 BCVA 在未经治疗的情况下在 4 年内保持临床稳定。SRD 随时间波动，SRD 高度受脉络膜厚度的显着影响（p=0.002）。巩膜隆起厚度对 SRD 厚度没有影响。结论 尽管 SRDs 波动和持续存在，但 BCVA 在未经治疗的情况下在 4 年内保持临床稳定。