Agricultural nutrient runoff and leaching into groundwater can impose societal costs that may be external to farmer decisions. Farmers can reduce the environmental impact of nutrient losses by adopting conservation and precision nutrient diagnostic and application practices. We examine the determinants of adoption decisions of such practices using mail survey data from a large, stratified sample of corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) farmers in the US eastern Corn Belt. Via an ordered probit that captures both adoption and intent to adopt eight different practices, we evaluate a broad range of potential factors driving adoption of conservation and precision agriculture practices. We find that farmer objectives other than income, such as preferences for environmental amenities or social status, were important adoption drivers for conservation and precision technologies, respectively. Livestock farms had a distinct adoption profile, with greater likelihood to adopt cover cropping and less to adopt precision technologies. Farmers who participated in working lands programs were more likely to adopt both cover cropping and precision soil testing technologies. Policies and messaging to encourage voluntary adoption of practices to reduce agricultural nutrient loss should account for farmer objectives, farming systems, and existing policy incentives.

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是什么促使人们自愿采用可以减少养分污染的耕作方式？

农业养分径流和渗入地下水会增加社会成本，这可能是农民决策的外部因素。农民可以通过采用保护和精确的营养诊断和应用实践来减少营养损失对环境的影响。我们使用来自美国东部玉米带的玉米 (Zea mays L.) 和大豆 (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) 农民的大型分层样本的邮件调查数据，研究了采用此类做法的决定因素。通过捕获采用和采用八种不同做法的意图的有序概率，我们评估了推动采用保护和精准农业做法的广泛潜在因素。我们发现农民除了收入以外的目标，例如对环境便利或社会地位的偏好，分别是保护和精密技术的重要采用驱动因素。畜牧养殖场有明显的采用情况，采用覆盖作物的可能性更大，采用精准技术的可能性较小。参加工作土地计划的农民更有可能采用覆盖作物和精密土壤测试技术。鼓励自愿采用减少农业养分损失的做法的政策和信息应考虑到农民的目标、耕作系统和现有的政策激励措施。参加工作土地计划的农民更有可能采用覆盖作物和精密土壤测试技术。鼓励自愿采用减少农业养分损失的做法的政策和信息应考虑到农民的目标、耕作系统和现有的政策激励措施。参加工作土地计划的农民更有可能采用覆盖作物和精密土壤测试技术。鼓励自愿采用减少农业养分损失的做法的政策和信息应考虑到农民的目标、耕作系统和现有的政策激励措施。