Alloy anodes provide high capacity for high-energy lithium-ion batteries. Multi-element alloys require high-throughput fabrication technologies to facilitate the screening of alloy composition, morphologies, and structures. Here, we report a gradient electrodeposition method to prepare Sn–Co–Sb alloy anodes with varied Sn:Co:Sb ratios and demonstrate the effectiveness of gradient electrodeposition on alloy anode development. Using this technology, we can vary each metal element to form a gradient distribution in one direction by tilting the sample alternatively during each electrodeposition. Such gradient electrodeposition realizes the complex composition of Sn–Co–Sb alloys in one large sample, enabling high-throughput fabrication simultaneously. After annealing, the obtained Sn–Co–Sb alloy forms varied phases such as Sn, SnSb, and CoSn₂. It is noted that the elemental ratio has a significant influence on the microstructures and electrochemical performances of the deposited Sn–Co–Sb alloy. The Sn–Co–Sb alloy with a ratio of 71.3:12.8:15.9 delivers a high reversible capacity of 671.8 mAh g⁻¹ and simultaneously shows excellent cyclability, which can be attributed to the optimal morphology structure and Sn:Co:Sb ratio. The optimized alloy can maintain a high capacity without sacrificing cyclability, which was usually limited by strain accumulation caused by high capacity. This work reports a general gradient electrodeposition technology for high-throughput screening of alloy anodes, which can also be applied to other alloy applications.

合金阳极可为高能锂离子电池提供高容量。多元素合金需要高通量的制造技术，以便于筛选合金成分，形态和结构。在这里，我们报告了一种梯度电沉积方法来制备具有不同Sn：Co：Sb比的Sn-Co-Sb合金阳极，并证明了梯度电沉积对合金阳极发展的有效性。使用这项技术，我们可以通过在每次电沉积过程中交替倾斜样品来改变每种金属元素在一个方向上形成梯度分布。这种梯度电沉积可在一个大样品中实现Sn-Co-Sb合金的复杂组成，从而可以同时进行高通量制造。退火后，获得的Sn-Co-Sb合金形成各种相，如Sn，SnSb和CoSn₂。注意，元素比对沉积的Sn-Co-Sb合金的微观结构和电化学性能有重要影响。比率为71.3：12.8：15.9的Sn-Co-Sb合金具有671.8 mAh g ^-1的高可逆容量，同时显示出出色的循环性，这归因于最佳的形态结构和Sn：Co：Sb比率。优化的合金可以保持高容量而不牺牲可循环性，而可循环性通常受到高容量导致的应变累积的限制。这项工作报告了用于阳极阳极高通量筛选的通用梯度电沉积技术，该技术也可以应用于其他合金应用。