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Exotic oryx interact with shrub encroachment in the Chihuahuan Desert
Journal of Arid Environments ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2020.104302
Kieran J. Andreoni , Casey J. Wagnon , Brandon T. Bestelmeyer , Robert L. Schooley

Abstract Biotic invasions can interact with ongoing landscape transitions in introduced ranges, acting synergistically to accelerate landscape change. The African oryx (Oryx gazella), a large ungulate native to the Kalahari Desert in southern Africa, was intentionally released into the Chihuahuan Desert of southern New Mexico to provide increased hunting opportunities. Oryx have subsequently dispersed widely, including into the adjacent Jornada Basin Long Term Ecological Research site, which contains native grassland communities imperiled due to shrub encroachment. We examined how landscape use and diel activity of oryx interacts with shrub encroachment at Jornada Basin. We hypothesized that oryx would be more common on unencroached grasslands that provide preferred forage, and that oryx would be most active at dawn and dusk (crepuscular) when ambient temperatures were favorable and predator surveillance was possible. We sampled 24 sites across a broad gradient of shrub encroachment from 2014 to 2018 using camera traps to evaluate our hypotheses. Oryx relative abundances were higher on unencroached grasslands, especially in years of low to moderate precipitation. We found oryx were most active during crepuscular periods, and this behavior was consistent across the shrub encroachment gradient. Our research suggests exotic oryx could contribute to shrub encroachment by focusing their foraging on remaining grasslands, especially during drier years, which may adversely affect livestock production and other ecosystem services.

中文翻译:

奇瓦环沙漠中外来羚羊与灌木侵占相互作用

摘要 生物入侵可以与引入范围内正在进行的景观转变相互作用,协同作用以加速景观变化。非洲羚羊 (Oryx Gagella) 是一种原产于非洲南部喀拉哈里沙漠的大型有蹄类动物,它被有意释放到新墨西哥州南部的奇瓦瓦沙漠中,以提供更多的狩猎机会。羚羊随后广泛分布,包括进入邻近的乔纳达盆地长期生态研究站点,该站点包含因灌木侵占而受到威胁的原生草原群落。我们研究了羚羊的景观利用和日照活动如何与乔纳达盆地的灌木侵占相互作用。我们假设羚羊在提供首选草料的未受侵占的草原上更常见,并且这种羚羊在黎明和黄昏(黄昏)时最活跃,当时环境温度适宜并且可以监视捕食者。从 2014 年到 2018 年,我们使用相机陷阱在广泛的灌木侵占梯度中对 24 个地点进行了采样,以评估我们的假设。羚羊相对丰度在未受侵占的草原上较高,尤其是在低到中等降水的年份。我们发现羚羊在黄昏时期最活跃,这种行为在整个灌木侵占梯度中是一致的。我们的研究表明,外来羚羊可能会通过将它们的觅食集中在剩余的草原上,尤其是在干旱年份,从而导致灌木侵占,这可能会对畜牧生产和其他生态系统服务产生不利影响。从 2014 年到 2018 年,我们使用相机陷阱在广泛的灌木侵占梯度中对 24 个地点进行了采样,以评估我们的假设。羚羊相对丰度在未受侵占的草原上较高,尤其是在低到中等降水的年份。我们发现羚羊在黄昏时期最活跃,这种行为在整个灌木侵占梯度中是一致的。我们的研究表明,外来的羚羊可能会将它们的觅食集中在剩余的草地上,尤其是在干旱年份,这可能会导致灌木侵占,这可能会对畜牧生产和其他生态系统服务产生不利影响。从 2014 年到 2018 年,我们使用相机陷阱在广泛的灌木侵占梯度中对 24 个地点进行了采样,以评估我们的假设。羚羊相对丰度在未受侵占的草原上较高,尤其是在低到中等降水的年份。我们发现羚羊在黄昏时期最活跃,这种行为在整个灌木侵占梯度中是一致的。我们的研究表明,外来的羚羊可能会将它们的觅食集中在剩余的草地上,尤其是在干旱年份,这可能会导致灌木侵占,这可能会对畜牧生产和其他生态系统服务产生不利影响。我们发现羚羊在黄昏时期最活跃,这种行为在整个灌木侵占梯度中是一致的。我们的研究表明,外来的羚羊可能会将它们的觅食集中在剩余的草地上,尤其是在干旱年份,这可能会导致灌木侵占,这可能会对畜牧生产和其他生态系统服务产生不利影响。我们发现羚羊在黄昏时期最活跃,这种行为在整个灌木侵占梯度中是一致的。我们的研究表明,外来的羚羊可能会将它们的觅食集中在剩余的草地上,尤其是在干旱年份,这可能会导致灌木侵占,这可能会对畜牧生产和其他生态系统服务产生不利影响。
更新日期:2021-01-01
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