Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a commonly diagnosed malignancy with unsatisfactory survival outcomes. Recent studies indicate that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) can be selectively packaged into exosomes, the extracellular vesicles composed of a lipid bilayer, and delivered from donor to recipient cells, thus regulating the behavior of the recipient cells. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that exosomal ncRNAs in blood exhibit distinct expression patterns among CRC patients with or without metastasis, and healthy controls. Moreover, exosomal ncRNAs can participate in the regulation of tumor microenvironment, the establishment of pre-metastatic niches, and the induction of drug resistance via cell-to-cell communication. Intriguingly, exosomal ncRNAs have the potential to serve as biomarkers for diagnosis, prognostic prediction, and therapeutic response monitoring of patients with CRC. In this review, we summarize the emerging functions of exosomal ncRNAs during CRC development and also discuss their potential clinical application in patients with CRC.

大肠癌（CRC）是一种常见的恶性肿瘤，其生存结果不理想。最近的研究表明，非编码RNA（ncRNA）可以选择性地包装到囊泡中，囊泡由脂质双层构成，并从供体传递到受体细胞，从而调节受体细胞的行为。越来越多的证据表明，血液中的外泌体ncRNA在有或无转移的CRC患者以及健康对照中表现出不同的表达模式。此外，外体ncRNA可以参与肿瘤微环境的调节，转移前小生境的建立以及通过细胞间通讯诱导耐药性。有趣的是，外泌体ncRNA有潜力作为诊断，预后预测，CRC患者的治疗和治疗反应监测。在这篇综述中，我们总结了外泌体ncRNA在CRC发展过程中的新兴功能，并讨论了其在CRC患者中的潜在临床应用。