The study was designed to evaluate the possible protective roles of dietary Origanum vulgare essential oil (OVEO) against cypermethrin (CP)-induced serum biochemical changes and oxidative stress of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Moreover, histopathological alterations, apoptosis, cell proliferation, and DNA damage in the gills and hepatic tissues were also assessed. Briefly, fish were allotted into six groups with three triplicates whereas a group fed on basal diet and did not exposed to CP and served as control (CTR), two groups were fed on diets supplemented with two levels of OVEO (0.5 % and 1.0 %), a group exposed to sub-lethal concentration of CP (1/10 of 96 h-LC₅₀ = 0.4134 μg/L), and two other groups exposed to the same concentration of CP and fed on diets supplemented with both levels of OVEO (CP + 0.5 % OVEO, and CP + 1.0 % OVEO), respectively, for 30 days. CP induced significant elevation of serum alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), urea, and creatinine levels indicating hepato-renal toxicity (P < 0.05). Besides, there was a significant decrease in serum catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities (P < 0.05). Moreover, CP induced significant histopathologic alterations in gills, anterior kidneys, and hepatic tissues with activation of apoptosis (Caspase-3) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Comet assay demonstrated significant DNA damage in gills and liver tissues of the CP-exposed group. Interestingly, a significant attenuation of serum ALT, AST, ALP, urea, creatinine, CAT, and SOD levels (P < 0.05) was noticed in CP-exposed fish and concurrently fed diets supplemented with either 0.5 % or 1.0 % OVEO. Moreover, histopathologic alterations and apoptosis were significantly reduced along with a concomitant significant decrease in DNA damage (P < 0.05) which indicated the mitigation of DNA damage. Conclusively, the study showed that OVEO is an effective counteractive treatment against CP-induced damage in exposed common carp and is recommended during the formulation of fish rations.

这项研究的目的是评估膳食的可能的保护作用牛至精油（OVEO）对氯氰菊酯（CP）诱导血清生化改变和鲤鱼（氧化应激鲤鱼）。此外，还评估了腮和肝组织的组织病理学改变，细胞凋亡，细胞增殖和DNA损伤。简而言之，将鱼分为三组，一式三份，分为六个组，而一组则以基础饮食为食，不暴露于CP并作为对照（CTR），两组分别以两种水平的OVEO（0.5％和1.0％）进行饲喂。 ），暴露于亚致死浓度的CP（96 h-LC _50的1/10= 0.4134μg/ L），另外两个组分别暴露于相同浓度的CP，并分别饲喂两种水平的OVEO（CP + 0.5％OVEO和CP + 1.0％OVEO）。CP引起血清丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT），天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST），碱性磷酸酶（ALP），尿素和肌酐水平的显着升高，表明肝肾毒性（P <0.05）。此外，血清过氧化氢酶（CAT）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性显着降低（P<0.05）。此外，CP诱导g，前肾和肝组织发生明显的组织病理学改变，并激活细胞凋亡（Caspase-3）和增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）。彗星试验表明，暴露于CP的组的腮和肝组织中存在明显的DNA损伤。有趣的是，在暴露于CP的鱼和同时添加0.5％或1.0％OVEO的日粮中，血清ALT，AST，ALP，尿素，肌酐，CAT和SOD水平显着降低（P <0.05）。此外，组织病理学改变和细胞凋亡显着减少，同时伴随着DNA损伤的显着减少（P<0.05），表明DNA损伤的缓解。总而言之，研究表明，OVEO是对抗CP引起的暴露于鲤鱼的伤害的有效对抗性治疗，建议在配制鱼粮时使用。