Hydroelectric and thermal generation provides a safe and regular operation in front of load shape. However, changes in the expansion policy that includes wind and solar power plants modify the path of transmission power flow and load response requirements. In order to accommodate these new renewable sources, long-term systemic approach is complex and should be based on hydrothermal optimization and load shape allocation. Recent studies show that these resources are not sufficient for the systemic needs. Energy storage can be an alternative to the regularization of renewable sources. The problem is to scale this equipment in a long-term scenario in a suitable way so as to charge a fair price for the service. At this point, operational reserve is fundamental, but often overlooked in hydrothermal expansion models. Current expansion planning models cannot adequately meet the new system demands, but they are critical for determining long-term prices, so they must be modernized and replaced gradually to avoid further problems. The paper proposes a transition approach from the current modeling through the inclusion of a new step in the expansion planning process, called the operational reserve analysis, which seeks to meet the load–generation balance criteria and to scale, if necessary, the use of additional storage devices. It is also proposed a power flow analysis to find optimal location in transmission grid, in addition to evaluating different storage devices needs and how transmission network expansion with multiple AC and DC that provides greater benefits to interconnected system. To validate proposed algorithm application, a case study was carried out for IEEE 14 bus database, and a real application was carried out for the Brazilian system, considering up-to-date planning tools and hourly allocation in load curves. This case demonstrates that the method is suitable as transition for new planning tools.

中文翻译：

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考虑超级电网可再生能源的运行储备需求分析建议

水力发电和热力发电在负载形状前提供安全和正常的运行。然而，包括风能和太阳能发电厂在内的扩张政策的变化改变了传输潮流和负载响应要求的路径。为了适应这些新的可再生能源，长期的系统方法是复杂的，应该基于热液优化和负载形状分配。最近的研究表明，这些资源不足以满足系统需求。储能可以替代可再生能源的正规化。问题是在长期场景中以合适的方式扩展此设备，以便为服务收取合理的价格。在这一点上，操作储备是基础，但在热液膨胀模型中经常被忽视。当前的扩容规划模型不能充分满足新的系统需求，但它们对于确定长期价格至关重要，因此必须对其进行现代化和逐步更换，以避免出现更多问题。该论文提出了一种从当前模型过渡到在扩张规划过程中包含一个新步骤的过渡方法，称为运营储备分析，旨在满足负荷-发电平衡标准，并在必要时扩大使用额外的存储设备。还提出了一种潮流分析，以找到输电网中的最佳位置，除了评估不同的存储设备需求以及如何通过多个交流和直流扩展输电网络，为互连系统提供更大的好处。为了验证提议的算法应用，对 IEEE 14 总线数据库进行了案例研究，并对巴西系统进行了实际应用，考虑了最新的规划工具和负荷曲线中的每小时分配。该案例表明该方法适合作为新规划工具的过渡。