The present experimental research was carried out to study the heat transfer and friction factor characteristics of a zinc oxide (ZnO)/water/ethylene glycol-based nanofluid in a square duct. The square duct surface was roughened by an inclined rib attached to the underside of the plate. The various geometrical parameters and their ranges involved in the present experimental analysis were the following: nanoparticle concentration (φ_ZnO) of 1.0%-4.0%; relative inclined rib pitch (P_R/e_R) of 2.18-3.25; relative inclined rib height (e_R/D_h) of 0.10-0.25; flow attack angle (α_inc) of 40°-70°; and Reynolds number (Re) of 4000-19,000. The maximum enhancement in the heat transfer for the inclined rib in the square duct was found to be 3.18 times higher compared to a smooth duct. The collected experimental data on the heat transfer and pressure drop were utilized to evaluate the thermo-hydraulic performance for various sets of geometric and flow parameters.

中文翻译：

---

斜肋粗加工的方形管道中氧化锌/水/乙烯乙二醇基纳米流体的实验分析

进行本实验研究以研究方管中基于氧化锌（ZnO）/水/乙二醇的纳米流体的传热和摩擦系数特性。方管表面通过连接到板底面的倾斜肋进行了粗糙处理。参与本实验分析的各种几何参数和它们的范围分别为以下内容：纳米颗粒浓度（φ_的ZnO的1.0％-4.0％）; 相对倾斜肋节距（P _R / e _R）为2.18-3.25；相对倾斜肋高度（e _R / D _h）为0.10-0.25；流动迎角（_αinc）40°-70°；雷诺数（Re）为4000-19,000。与方管相比，方管中倾斜肋的传热最大提高了3.18倍。利用所收集的关于传热和压降的实验数据来评估各种几何参数和流量参数的热工液压性能。