Trusted execution environments (TEEs) enabled research in scenarios where highest-privileged attackers had precise control over systems and microarchitecture. Insights gained from such attacks facilitated the discovery of non-TEE attacks, such as Spectre (as well as Foreshadow from within virtual machines).

中文翻译：

---

可信执行环境如何推动对微架构攻击的研究

可信执行环境 (TEE) 支持在特权最高的攻击者精确控制系统和微架构的场景中进行研究。从此类攻击中获得的洞察有助于发现非 TEE 攻击，例如 Spectre（以及来自虚拟机内的 Foreshadow）。