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Solving the Nonalignment of Methods and Approaches Used in Microplastic Research to Consistently Characterize Risk.
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-04 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c02982
Albert A Koelmans 1 , Paula E Redondo-Hasselerharm 1 , Nur Hazimah Mohamed Nor 1 , Merel Kooi 1
Affiliation  

The lack of standard approaches in microplastic research limits progress in the abatement of plastic pollution. Here, we propose and test rescaling methods that are able to improve the alignment of methods used in microplastic research. We describe a method to correct for the differences in size ranges as used by studies reporting microplastic concentrations and demonstrate how this reduces the variation in aqueous-phase concentrations caused by method differences. We provide a method to interchange between number, volume, and mass concentrations using probability density functions that represent environmental microplastic. Finally, we use this method to correct for the incompatibility of data as used in current species sensitivity distributions (SSDs), caused by differences in the microplastic types used in effect studies and those in nature. We derived threshold effect concentrations from such a corrected SSD for freshwater species. Comparison of the rescaled exposure concentrations and threshold effect concentrations reveals that the latter would be exceeded for 1.5% of the known surface water exposure concentrations worldwide. Altogether, this toolset allows us to correct for the diversity of microplastic, to address it in a common language, and to assess its risks as one environmental material.

中文翻译:

解决用于微观研究的方法和方法的不一致问题,以一致地表征风险。

在微塑料研究中缺乏标准方法限制了在减少塑料污染方面的进展。在这里,我们提出并测试能够改善微塑性研究中所用方法的一致性的重标度方法。我们描述了一种校正报告微塑料浓度的研究所使用的尺寸范围差异的方法,并演示了如何减少由方法差异引起的水相浓度变化。我们提供了一种使用代表环境微塑性的概率密度函数在数量,体积和质量浓度之间交换的方法。最后,我们使用这种方法来校正当前物种敏感度分布(SSD)中使用的数据不兼容,这是由于效果研究中所用的微塑性类型与自然界中的微塑性类型不同而引起的。我们从这种经过校正的淡水物种SSD得出阈值效应浓度。重新标定的暴露浓度和阈值影响浓度的比较表明,对于全世界已知的地表水暴露浓度,将超过后者的1.5%。总而言之,这个工具集使我们能够纠正微塑料的多样性,以一种通用语言解决它,并评估其作为一种环境材料的风险。
更新日期:2020-10-06
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