Solid Organ Bioprinting: Strategies to Achieve Organ Function.,Chemical Reviews

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Solid Organ Bioprinting: Strategies to Achieve Organ Function.
Chemical Reviews ( IF 51.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-04 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00145
Adam M Jorgensen ₁ , James J Yoo ₁ , Anthony Atala ₁

Affiliation

The field of tissue engineering has advanced over the past decade, but the largest impact on human health should be achieved with the transition of engineered solid organs to the clinic. The number of patients suffering from solid organ disease continues to increase, with over 100 000 patients on the U.S. national waitlist and approximately 730 000 deaths in the United States resulting from end-stage organ disease annually. While flat, tubular, and hollow nontubular engineered organs have already been implanted in patients, in vitro formation of a fully functional solid organ at a translatable scale has not yet been achieved. Thus, one major goal is to bioengineer complex, solid organs for transplantation, composed of patient-specific cells. Among the myriad of approaches attempted to engineer solid organs, 3D bioprinting offers unmatched potential. This review highlights the structural complexity which must be engineered at nano-, micro-, and mesostructural scales to enable organ function. We showcase key advances in bioprinting solid organs with complex vascular networks and functioning microstructures, advances in biomaterials science that have enabled this progress, the regulatory hurdles the field has yet to overcome, and cutting edge technologies that bring us closer to the promise of engineered solid organs.

中文翻译：

实体器官生物打印：实现器官功能的策略。

组织工程领域在过去十年中取得了进步，但对人类健康最大的影响应该是工程实体器官向临床的过渡。患有实体器官疾病的患者数量持续增加，每年有超过 10 万名患者进入美国全国候补名单，美国每年约有 73 万人因终末期器官疾病死亡。虽然扁平、管状和中空非管状工程器官已被植入患者体内，但尚未实现在体外以可翻译的规模形成功能齐全的实体器官。因此，一个主要目标是生物工程设计用于移植的复杂实体器官，由患者特异性细胞组成。在尝试设计实体器官的无数方法中，3D 生物打印提供了无与伦比的潜力。这篇综述强调了必须在纳米、微米和介观结构尺度上进行设计才能实现器官功能的结构复杂性。我们展示了生物打印具有复杂血管网络和功能性微观结构的实体器官的关键进展、实现这一进步的生物材料科学的进展、该领域尚未克服的监管障碍，以及使我们更接近工程实体承诺的尖端技术器官。

更新日期：2020-10-15

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