There is a well-established relationship between cannabis use and psychosis, although the exact nature of this relationship is not fully understood. Recent studies have observed significant genetic overlap between a diagnosis of schizophrenia and lifetime cannabis use. Expanding on this work, the current study aimed to examine whether genetic overlap also occurs for subclinical psychosis (schizotypy) and cannabis use, as well as examining the phenotypic association between the traits. Phenotypic correlations were calculated for a variety of schizotypy and cannabis phenotypes in the UK Biobank (UKB), and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based heritability estimates and genetic correlations were calculated for these UKB phenotypes as well as for several other variables taken from recent genomewide association studies. Positive phenotypic correlations were observed between 11 out of 12 pairs of the cannabis use and schizotypy phenotypes (correlation range .05–.18), indicating a robust association between increased symptoms of schizotypy and cannabis use. SNP-based heritability estimates for two schizotypy phenotypes remained significant after multiple testing correction:social anhedonia(h2SNP= .08,SE= .02,N= 4025) andever seen an unreal vision(h2SNP= .35,SE= .10,N= 150,717). Finally, one significant genetic correlation was observed between schizotypy and cannabis use, a negative correlation betweensocial anhedoniaandnumber of times used cannabis(rg= −.30,p= .012). The current study suggests the relationship between cannabis use and psychosis is also seen in subclinical symptoms of psychosis, but further research with larger samples is needed to determine the biological mechanisms underlying this association.

中文翻译：

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探索大麻使用与精神分裂症之间的表型和遗传重叠

大麻使用与精神病之间存在着既定的关系，尽管这种关系的确切性质尚不完全清楚。最近的研究观察到精神分裂症的诊断与终生使用大麻之间存在显着的遗传重叠。在这项工作的基础上，目前的研究旨在检查亚临床精神病（精神分裂症）和大麻使用是否也发生遗传重叠，以及检查这些性状之间的表型关联。计算了英国生物库 (UKB) 中各种分裂型和大麻表型的表型相关性，并计算了这些 UKB 表型以及最近取自最近的几个其他变量的基于单核苷酸多态性 (SNP) 的遗传力估计和遗传相关性全基因组关联研究。在 12 对大麻使用和精神分裂症表型之间观察到正表型相关性（相关范围 0.05-.18），表明精神分裂症症状增加与大麻使用之间存在密切关联。在多次测试校正后，两种分裂型表型的基于 SNP 的遗传力估计仍然显着：社会快感缺失(H2单核苷酸多态性= .08,东南= .02,ñ= 4025) 和见过不真实的景象(H2单核苷酸多态性= .35,东南= .10,ñ= 150,717)。最后，在精神分裂症和大麻使用之间观察到一种显着的遗传相关性，两者之间呈负相关。社会快感缺失和使用大麻的次数(rG= -.30,p= .012)。目前的研究表明，大麻使用与精神病之间的关系也见于精神病的亚临床症状，但需要对更大样本进行进一步研究，以确定这种关联背后的生物学机制。