The Adriatic-Ionian region (ADRION Region) shows strong development in terms of urban expansion in coastal and inland areas as well as increasing maritime traffic and offshore hydrocarbon extraction activities. A serious risk of pollution arises from hazardous substances requiring reliable and coherent monitoring and assessment programs. EU Directives (WFD – Water Framework Directive, MSFD – Marine Strategy Framework Directive) and Barcelona Convention protocols, aim to assess the level of pollution with the objective to implement measures to prevent and/or mitigate impacts on the marine environment. This high level integration process has to be based on common and agreed protocols for monitoring of contaminants. Aiming to share best practices to encourage a harmonized implementation of monitoring and assessment of contaminants, an extensive review of monitoring and analytical protocols adopted by six EU and non-EU countries along the Adriatic and Ionian seas was carried out in the framework of the Interreg Adrion project HarmoNIA (Interreg V-B Adriatic-Ionian (ADRION), 2018–2020). This paper presents a methodological proposal to define a common protocol for the evaluation of the metal contamination of seawater, sediment and biota. Contaminants have been chosen following preliminary consultations among countries of the ADRION area, considering objectives of WFD and MSFD, as well as Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) procedures for offshore platforms. Information was gathered relative to matrix characteristics and quality assurance/quality control of the analytical performance (sample preservation, analytical methodology, reference materials, limit of detection, and limit of quantification, accuracy, reproducibility, etc.). The comparison of information provided by laboratories of nine institutions highlighted the request for harmonization in terms of sampling procedures, matrix characterization, preservation procedures, analytical methods and LOQ values. Although appropriate environmental quality standards for biota and sediment matrices should be established at national level and also through regional and sub-regional cooperation, as required by the WFD and MSFD, the proposed LOQ values, even if challenging, represent a benchmark and a stimulus to optimize analytical performance, to ensure the best level of protection to the coastal and offshore environment in the ADRION Region.

中文翻译：

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亚得里亚海和爱奥尼亚海重金属统一评估面临的挑战

亚得里亚海-爱奥尼亚地区（ADRION Region）在沿海和内陆地区的城市扩张以及海上交通和海上碳氢化合物开采活动的增加方面表现出强劲的发展。需要可靠和连贯的监测和评估程序的有害物质会产生严重的污染风险。欧盟指令（WFD – 水框架指令、MSFD – 海洋战略框架指令）和巴塞罗那公约协议旨在评估污染水平，目的是实施预防和/或减轻对海洋环境影响的措施。这种高水平的集成过程必须基于共同和商定的污染物监测协议。旨在分享最佳做法，以鼓励统一实施污染物监测和评估，在 Interreg Adrion 项目 HarmoNIA（Interreg VB Adriatic-Ionian (ADRION)，2018-2020）的框架内，对亚得里亚海和爱奥尼亚海沿岸的六个欧盟和非欧盟国家采用的监测和分析协议进行了广泛审查。本文提出了一种方法学建议，以定义用于评估海水、沉积物和生物群的金属污染的通用协议。污染物是在 ADRION 区域的国家之间进行初步协商后选择的，考虑到 WFD 和 MSFD 的目标，以及海上平台的环境影响评估 (EIA) 程序。收集与基质特性和分析性能的质量保证/质量控制（样品保存、分析方法、参考材料、检测限、和定量限、准确度、再现性等）。九个机构的实验室提供的信息比较突出了在采样程序、基质表征、保存程序、分析方法和 LOQ 值方面的统一要求。尽管应按照 WFD 和 MSFD 的要求，在国家层面以及通过区域和次区域合作为生物群和沉积物基质建立适当的环境质量标准，但提议的 LOQ 值即使具有挑战性，也代表了基准和刺激优化分析性能，以确保对 ADRION 地区的沿海和近海环境提供最佳保护。九个机构的实验室提供的信息比较突出了在采样程序、基质表征、保存程序、分析方法和 LOQ 值方面的统一要求。尽管应按照 WFD 和 MSFD 的要求，在国家层面以及通过区域和次区域合作为生物群和沉积物基质建立适当的环境质量标准，但提议的 LOQ 值即使具有挑战性，也代表了基准和刺激优化分析性能，以确保对 ADRION 地区的沿海和近海环境提供最佳保护。九个机构的实验室提供的信息比较突出了在采样程序、基质表征、保存程序、分析方法和 LOQ 值方面的统一要求。尽管应按照 WFD 和 MSFD 的要求，在国家层面以及通过区域和次区域合作为生物群和沉积物基质建立适当的环境质量标准，但提议的 LOQ 值即使具有挑战性，也代表了基准和刺激优化分析性能，以确保对 ADRION 地区的沿海和近海环境提供最佳保护。