Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles Fortified Xanthan Gum–Chitosan Based Polyelectrolyte Complex Scaffolds for Supporting the Osteo-Friendly Environment,ACS Applied Bio Materials

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Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles Fortified Xanthan Gum–Chitosan Based Polyelectrolyte Complex Scaffolds for Supporting the Osteo-Friendly Environment
ACS Applied Bio Materials ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-04 , DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00948
Iram Zia ₁ , Reshma Jolly ₁ , Sumbul Mirza ₁ , Mohd Saad Umar ₂ , Mohammad Owais ₂ , Mohammad Shakir ₁

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Nanoparticle-reinforced polymer-based scaffolding matrices as artificial bone-implant materials are potential suitors for bone regenerative medicine as they simulate the native bone. In the present work, a series of bioinspired, osteoconductive tricomposite scaffolds made up of nano-hydroxyapatite (NHA) embedded xanthan gum–chitosan (XAN–CHI) polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) are explored for their bone-regeneration potential. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy studies confirmed complex formation between XAN and CHI and showed strong interactions between the NHA and PEC matrix. The X-ray diffraction studies indicated regulation of the nanocomposite (NC) scaffold crystallinity by the physical cues of the PEC matrix. Further results exhibited that the XAN–CHI/NHA5 scaffold, with a 50/50 (polymer/NHA) ratio, has optimized porous structure, appropriate compressive properties, and sufficient swelling ability with slower degradation rates, which are far better than those of CHI/NHA and other XAN–CHI/NHA NC scaffolds. The simulated body fluid studies showed XAN–CHI/NHA5 generated apatite-like surface structures of a Ca/P ratio ∼1.66. Also, the in vitro cell–material interaction studies with MG-63 cells revealed that relative to the CHI/NHA NC scaffold, the cellular viability, attachment, and proliferation were better on XAN–CHI/NHA scaffold surfaces, with XAN–CHI/NHA5 specimens exhibiting an effective increment in cell spreading capacity compared to XAN–CHI/NHA4 and XAN–CHI/NHA6 specimens. The presence of an osteo-friendly environment is also indicated by enhanced alkaline phosphatase expression and protein adsorption ability. The higher expression of extracellular matrix proteins, such as osteocalcin and osteopontin, finally validated the induction of differentiation of MG-63 cells by tricomposite scaffolds. In summary, this study demonstrates that the formation of PEC between XAN and CHI and incorporation of NHA in XAN–CHI PEC developed tricomposite scaffolds with robust potential for use in bone regeneration applications.

中文翻译：

羟基磷灰石纳米粒子强化黄原胶-壳聚糖基聚电解质复合支架以支持骨质友好环境

作为人造骨植入材料的纳米粒子增强聚合物基支架基质是骨再生医学的潜在追求者，因为它们可以模拟天然骨。在目前的工作中，探索了一系列由纳米羟基磷灰石 (NHA) 嵌入的黄原胶-壳聚糖 (XAN-CHI) 聚电解质复合物 (PEC) 组成的仿生骨传导性三复合支架的骨再生潜力。傅里叶变换红外光谱研究证实了 XAN 和 CHI 之间的复合物形成，并显示出 NHA 和 PEC 基质之间的强烈相互作用。X 射线衍射研究表明通过 PEC 基质的物理信号调节纳米复合材料 (NC) 支架结晶度。进一步的结果表明，具有 50/50（聚合物/NHA）比率的 XAN-CHI/NHA5 支架具有优化的多孔结构，合适的压缩性能，足够的膨胀能力和较慢的降解速率，远远优于 CHI/NHA 和其他 XAN-CHI/NHA NC 支架。模拟体液研究表明 XAN-CHI/NHA5 产生了钙/磷比约为 1.66 的磷灰石样表面结构。此外，该体外与 MG-63 细胞的细胞-材料相互作用研究表明，相对于 CHI/NHA NC 支架，XAN-CHI/NHA 支架表面的细胞活力、附着和增殖更好，XAN-CHI/NHA5 标本表现出有效与 XAN-CHI/NHA4 和 XAN-CHI/NHA6 样本相比，细胞扩散能力增加。增强的碱性磷酸酶表达和蛋白质吸附能力也表明存在对骨友好的环境。细胞外基质蛋白（如骨钙素和骨桥蛋白）的高表达最终验证了三复合支架对 MG-63 细胞分化的诱导作用。总之，

更新日期：2020-10-21

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