ABSTRACT

A toxicological investigation was conducted for alcohol-to-jet (ATJ) fuels intended as a 50:50 blend with petroleum-derived fuel Jet Propulsion (JP)-8. The ATJ synthetic paraffinic kerosene (SPK) fuel was produced by Gevo (Englewood CO) and derived either from biomass (bio) or non-biomass sources. All toxicity tests were performed with one or both ATJ fuels following addition of a standard additive package required for JP-8. The primary fuel, Gevo (bio) ATJ SPK produced from biomass-derived iso-butanol, exhibited the same dermal irritation potential in rabbits as JP-8; the non-biomass-derived fuel was less irritating. The Gevo (bio) fuel was non-clastogenic in micronucleus testing with rats and neither version was mutagenic in the bacterial reverse mutation assay. A 90-day study was performed with Gevo (bio) ATJ SPK by exposing male and female Fischer 344 rats to target concentrations of 0, 200, 700 or 2000 mg/m³ of fuel, 6 hr per day, 5 days a week for 69 exposure days and included neurobehavioral assays and reproductive health evaluations in the study design. Results were negative or limited to irritant effects in the respiratory system due to exposure to a vapor and aerosol mixture in the 2000 mg/m³ exposure group. Occupational exposure limits for JP-8 were proposed for these ATJ fuels since these fuels display similar or somewhat lower toxicity than JP-8. As both versions of the Gevo ATJ jet fuel were similar, handling of either fuel alone or in a blend with petroleum-derived JP-8 appears unlikely to increase human health risks for workers.

摘要

对旨在与石油衍生燃料喷气推进器（JP）-8以50:50比例混合的酒精喷射燃料（ATJ）进行了毒理学研究。ATJ合成石蜡煤油（SPK）燃料是由Gevo（Englewood CO）生产的，其来源于生物质（生物）或非生物质来源。在添加了JP-8所需的标准添加剂包之后，使用一种或两种ATJ燃料进行了所有毒性测试。由生物质衍生的异丁醇生产的主要燃料Gevo（bio）ATJ SPK对兔子的皮肤刺激潜力与JP-8相同。非生物质燃料刺激性较小。Gevo（生物）燃料在大鼠微核试验中不致死，在细菌反向突变试验中均未致突变。每周6天，每天5小时，每天6小时的³种燃料，并在研究设计中包括了神经行为分析和生殖健康评估。由于暴露于2000 mg / m ³暴露组的蒸气和气溶胶混合物，结果对呼吸系统有刺激作用，但结果是负面的或有限的。对于这些ATJ燃料，提出了JP-8的职业接触限值，因为这些燃料显示出与JP-8相似或略低的毒性。由于两种版本的Gevo ATJ喷气燃料相似，因此单独处理燃料或与石油衍生的JP-8混合使用燃料似乎不太可能增加工人的人类健康风险。