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Wheel track loosening can reduce the risk of pesticide leaching to surface waters
Soil Use and Management ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-03 , DOI: 10.1111/sum.12641
Jeanne Vuaille 1 , Omar Daraghmeh 1 , Per Abrahamsen 1 , Signe M. Jensen 1 , Søren Kirkegaard Nielsen 2 , Lars J. Munkholm 3 , Ole Green 2 , Carsten T. Petersen 1
Affiliation  

Wheel tracks can lower topsoil infiltrability and increase water ponding in agricultural fields. A seedbed harrow mounted with two goosefeet tine points, the eradicators, was used to investigate track loosening at different depths on a sandy loam soil as a way of mitigating compaction effects and reducing the risk of pesticide transport to surface waters. Loosening strongly affected air permeability and steady-state infiltration. The agro-ecological system model Daisy was used to simulate the effects of soil structural and hydraulic changes on pesticide leaching to subsurface drain lines over a 332-year period. Measured properties of the topsoil were combined with a representative subsoil and weather series and with realistic management scenarios. The loads of pesticide in the drains for 3 months after loosening were calculated for each year, and the risk was defined as the 90th percentile of the load. We focused on three different herbicides used in sugar beet cultivation in spring: glyphosate, metamitron and phenmedipham. Our simulations showed that for all pesticides loosening could lower the risk by 10% on average for a 3-m working width, and the tracks contribution to the risk by 34%, for all drain spacing and working width settings. Wheeling did not affect the risk but this result was sensitive to the parameterization of the hydraulic conductivity in the compacted soil layer, showing potentially higher risk under certain conditions. These results showed that wheel track loosening is an effective strategy for reducing the risk of surface water contamination from pesticides used in agriculture.

中文翻译:

车轮履带松动可以降低农药浸出到地表水的风险

车轮履带可以降低表土的渗透性并增加农田的积水。安装有两个鹅脚尖尖头(根除器)的苗床耙用于调查沙壤土上不同深度的履带松动情况,以减轻压实效应并降低农药转移到地表水的风险。松动强烈影响透气性和稳态渗透。农业生态系统模型 Daisy 用于模拟 332 年间土壤结构和水力变化对农药浸出到地下排水管线的影响。表土的测量特性与代表性的底土和天气系列以及现实的管理方案相结合。每年计算松动后3个月的排水沟农药负荷,风险被定义为负载的第 90 个百分位。我们专注于春季甜菜种植中使用的三种不同的除草剂:草甘膦、溴氰菊酯和苯丙胺。我们的模拟显示,对于所有的农药,松动可以将 3 米工作宽度的风险平均降低 10%,对于所有排水间距和工作宽度设置,履带对风险的贡献平均为 34%。Wheeling 不影响风险,但该结果对压实土层中导水率的参数化敏感,表明在某些条件下可能存在更高的风险。这些结果表明,车轮轮距松动是降低农业中使用的农药对地表水污染风险的有效策略。我们专注于春季甜菜种植中使用的三种不同的除草剂:草甘膦、溴氰菊酯和苯丙胺。我们的模拟显示,对于所有的农药,松动可以将 3 米工作宽度的风险平均降低 10%,对于所有排水间距和工作宽度设置,履带对风险的贡献平均为 34%。Wheeling 不影响风险,但该结果对压实土层中导水率的参数化敏感,表明在某些条件下可能存在更高的风险。这些结果表明,车轮轮距松动是降低农业中使用的农药对地表水污染风险的有效策略。我们专注于春季甜菜种植中使用的三种不同的除草剂:草甘膦、溴氰菊酯和苯丙胺。我们的模拟显示,对于所有的农药,松动可以将 3 米工作宽度的风险平均降低 10%,对于所有排水间距和工作宽度设置,履带对风险的贡献平均为 34%。Wheeling 不影响风险,但该结果对压实土层中导水率的参数化敏感,表明在某些条件下可能存在更高的风险。这些结果表明,车轮轮距松动是降低农业中使用的农药对地表水污染风险的有效策略。我们的模拟结果表明,对于所有的排水间距和工作宽度设置,对于 3 米的工作宽度,所有农药的松动可以将风险平均降低 10%,而履带对风险的贡献则为 34%。Wheeling 不影响风险,但该结果对压实土层中导水率的参数化敏感,表明在某些条件下可能存在更高的风险。这些结果表明,轮距松动是降低农业中使用的杀虫剂污染地表水风险的有效策略。我们的模拟显示,对于所有的农药,松动可以将 3 米工作宽度的风险平均降低 10%,对于所有排水间距和工作宽度设置,履带对风险的贡献平均为 34%。Wheeling 不影响风险,但该结果对压实土层中导水率的参数化敏感,表明在某些条件下可能存在更高的风险。这些结果表明,车轮轮距松动是降低农业中使用的农药对地表水污染风险的有效策略。Wheeling 不影响风险,但该结果对压实土层中导水率的参数化敏感,表明在某些条件下可能存在更高的风险。这些结果表明,车轮轮距松动是降低农业中使用的农药对地表水污染风险的有效策略。Wheeling 不影响风险,但该结果对压实土层中导水率的参数化敏感,表明在某些条件下可能存在更高的风险。这些结果表明,车轮轮距松动是降低农业中使用的农药对地表水污染风险的有效策略。
更新日期:2020-09-03
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