Upland rice production on acid, weathered soils is often constrained by phosphorus (P) deficiency and aluminium toxicity. Farmyard manure application (FYM) can sharply enhance yields and agronomic P fertilizer (TSP) efficiency under such abiotic stresses. We tested the hypothesis that rice genotypes differ in aluminium tolerance and in the extent of using organic P, offering distinct benefits under TSP‐FYM combinations. Multiple field trials were conducted in the uplands of Madagascar, with factorial combinations of six genotypes, amendments of FYM (at a rate of 17–25 kg P ha⁻¹ vs. a zero control) and TSP application (40 kg P ha⁻¹ vs. a zero control), with blanket N&K additions. Rice grain yields reached a maximum of 6 t/ha after three years of TSP + FYM application, with an average of 3.2 t/ha over the years. Grain yields were about 1.2 t/ha for FYM only and about 1.5 t/ha for TSP only while crops failed under zero P input. Genotypic effects on rice yields were much smaller than the large effects of FYM, TSP or its combination. Application of FYM increased soil pH and CaCl₂‐extractable P while decreasing CaCl₂‐extractable aluminium. An additional liming trial indicated that the beneficial effects of FYM over TSP relate to liming effects. The FYM application lowers aluminium toxicity which overrules potential effects of organic P supply. Hence, genotypic ranking of yields and agronomic efficiency was inconsistent, without superior genotypes under FYM vs. TSP. However, Chomrong Dhan and FOFIFA 172 generally displayed superior yields. Chomrong Dhan is found to be more sensitive to aluminium toxicity whereas FOFIFA 172 is less performant under low P input. Aluminium tolerance should be considered when developing rice genotypes for high P efficiency in weathered soils.

中文翻译：

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施用农田肥料可减轻不同旱稻基因型的铝毒和磷缺乏

酸性，风化土壤上的旱稻生产通常受到磷（P）缺乏和铝毒性的限制。在这种非生物胁迫下，施用农家肥（FYM）可以显着提高产量和农用磷肥（TSP）的效率。我们检验了以下假设：水稻基因型在铝耐受性和使用有机磷的程度方面有所不同，在TSP-FYM组合下具有明显的优势。在马达加斯加的高地进行了多次田间试验，其中包括六种基因型的因子组合，FYM的修正（相对于零对照，比率为17–25 kg P ha ^-1）和TSP施用（40 kg P ha ^-1）相对于零控制），以及全面覆盖N＆K。施用TSP + FYM三年后，稻米单产最高达到6吨/公顷，多年来平均达到3.2吨/公顷。仅在FYM时单产约为1.2吨/公顷，而TSP仅在零磷输入下作物歉收时单产约为1.5吨/公顷。基因型对水稻产量的影响远小于FYM，TSP或其组合的影响。FYM的施用增加了土壤pH和CaCl _2可提取的磷，同时降低了CaCl ₂可提取的铝。另一项浸灰试验表明，FYM优于TSP的作用与浸灰效果有关。FYM的应用降低了铝的毒性，从而抵消了有机磷供应的潜在影响。因此，产量和农艺效率的基因型排名不一致，在FYM与TSP对比下没有优良的基因型。但是，Chomrong Dhan和FOFIFA 172通常显示出更高的产量。发现Chomrong Dhan对铝的毒性更敏感，而FOFIFA 172在低磷输入下的性能较差。在风化土壤中开发水稻基因型以获得高磷效率时，应考虑铝耐受性。