Abstract Despite the ongoing development of cosmogenic techniques to reconstruct deglaciation and glacial advances, these techniques are not always feasible for logistical and economic reasons. In this study, we used Schmidt Hammer R-values (SH) and Crystallinity Ratio (CRF) indices of soils, together with a limited number of absolute 14C dates, to outline the glacial evolution of the Gavia Valley. The study area is a sector of the Italian Central Alps with a glacial history that is poorly understood. Methodologically, we found that SH can be successfully applied to Late Pleistocene surfaces younger than 15ka in this Alpine region. The SH method generally underestimates the ages with respect to the CRF indices and the 14C dates. A total of 7 different glacial phases were found in the study area: 14.7ka (I phase), 13.7ka (II phase), 12.2–11.8ka (III phase), 10.2–9.7ka (IV phase), 7.5ka (V phase), 5.5ka (VI phase), 1.9ka (VII phase). These phases are generally consistent with the literature; however, the Little Ice Age was surely less extended respect the other Holocene advances (V and VI phase). This suggests that relatively short climatic variations during the Holocene were locally important.

中文翻译：

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使用施密特锤 R 值和土壤结晶度指数重建意大利中部阿尔卑斯山末次盛冰期后的冰川历史

摘要 尽管宇宙成因技术正在不断发展以重建冰川消融和冰川进展，但由于后勤和经济原因，这些技术并不总是可行的。在这项研究中，我们使用土壤的施密特锤 R 值 (SH) 和结晶度比 (CRF) 指数，以及有限数量的绝对 14C 日期，来概述加维亚山谷的冰川演化。研究区域是意大利中部阿尔卑斯山的一个部分，其冰川历史知之甚少。在方法上，我们发现 SH 可以成功应用于该高山地区小于 15ka 的晚更新世地表。SH 方法通常会低估 CRF 指数和 14C 日期的年龄。研究区共发现7个不同的冰期：14.7ka（I期）、13.7ka（II期）、12.2-11。8ka（III期）、10.2-9.7ka（IV期）、7.5ka（V期）、5.5ka（VI期）、1.9ka（VII期）。这些阶段通常与文献一致；然而，相对于全新世的其他进展（V 和 VI 阶段），小冰河时代肯定没有延长。这表明全新世期间相对较短的气候变化在当地很重要。