Among the broad applicability of peptides in numerous aspects of life and technologies, their interactions with lead (Pb), one of the most harmful substances to the environment and health, are constantly explored. So far, peptides were developed for environmental remediation of Pb-contaminations by various strategies such as hydrogelation and surface display. They were also designed for Pb detection and sensing by electrochemical and fluorescent methods and for modeling natural proteins that involve in mechanisms by which Pb is toxic. This review aims at summarizing selected examples of these applications, manifesting the enormous potential of peptides in the combat against Pb pollution. Nevertheless, the absence of new medicinal treatments against Pb poisoning that are based on peptides is noticeable. An overview of previous achievements utilizing Pb-peptide interactions towards various goals is presented and can be therefore leveraged to construct a useful toolbox for the design of smart peptides as next-generation therapeutics against Pb.

在肽在生活和技术的众多方面的广泛适用性中，它们与铅（Pb）的相互作用不断被探索，铅是对环境和健康最有害的物质之一。到目前为止，肽已被开发用于通过各种策略（例如水凝胶化和表面展示）对 Pb 污染进行环境修复。它们还设计用于通过电化学和荧光方法检测和传感铅，以及模拟涉及铅毒性机制的天然蛋白质。本综述旨在总结这些应用的选定示例，展示肽在对抗 Pb 污染方面的巨大潜力。然而，值得注意的是，缺乏基于肽的针对铅中毒的新药物治疗方法。