Pyrolysis (Pyr) and hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of corn stalk (CS) catalyzed with sewage sludge salts were investigated as a comparison of two biomass refining processes to produce char. The influence of the following salt-catalysts (SC)- NH₄H₂PO₄, KH₂PO₄, Na₂HPO₄, and CaCl₂- on the higher heating value (HHV), char yield (CY), energy yield (EY), and energy densification (ED) as well as an elemental analysis (C, H, N, S, O) of the produced chars were determined. Besides, ATR–FTIR spectra were made from the resulting biochar (BC) and hydrochar (HC). For each processing method, two temperatures were set: HTC 180/210 °C and Pyr 400/500 °C. CS had an HHV of 19 MJ/kg, and the catalyst-free HC and BC came out with 22 MJ/kg. The NH₄H₂PO₄-catalyst demonstrated the maximal efficiency in advancing the HHV for the HTC with 27 MJ/kg (23 MJ/kg for the Pyr), as the Mixed catalysts for the Pyr with 24 MJ/kg, the Pyr-BC increased 2–5 MJ/kg, and the HTC-HC 5–7 MJ/kg. The HC ended up with higher results compared with the BC: HHV 2–3 MJ/kg, CY and EY 5–10%, and ED 0.1–0.2. On the opposite BC marked a higher level of coalification than the HC, the BC came close to that of coal while the HC ranged in the area of peat. Both processing methods were improved by most SC and the Mixed catalysts. Especially the chars of the Mixed SC reached the same carbonization level at lower processing temperature.

对污水污泥盐催化的玉米秸秆（CS）的热解（Pyr）和水热碳化（HTC）进行了研究，以比较两种生物质精制生产炭的过程。以下盐催化剂（SC）-NH ₄ H ₂ PO ₄，KH ₂ PO ₄，Na ₂ HPO ₄和CaCl _2的影响-在较高的发热量（HHV），焦炭收率（CY），能量收率（EY）和能量致密化（ED）以及所生成焦炭的元素分析（C，H，N，S，O）方面进行了分析决心。此外，ATR–FTIR光谱是由生成的生物碳（BC）和水碳（HC）制成的。对于每种处理方法，设置两个温度：HTC 180/210°C和Pyr 400/500°C。CS的HHV为19 MJ / kg，不含催化剂的HC和BC为22 MJ / kg。NH ₄ H ₂ PO ₄-催化剂显示出提高HTC HHV的最大效率为27 MJ / kg（Pyr为23 MJ / kg），因为Pyr的混合催化剂为24 MJ / kg，Pyr-BC增加2–5 MJ / kg，以及HTC-HC 5-7 MJ / kg。与BC相比，HC的结果更高：HHV 2–3 MJ / kg，CY和EY 5–10％，ED 0.1–0.2。在对面的卑诗省，其煤炭化程度高于HC，卑诗省接近煤炭，而HC在泥炭地区。大多数SC和混合催化剂均改进了这两种加工方法。特别是混合SC的焦炭在较低的加工温度下达到了相同的碳化水平。