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Widespread Small‐Scale Anisotropic Structure in the Lowermost Mantle beneath the North American Continent and Northeastern Pacific
Seismological Research Letters ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 , DOI: 10.1785/0220200055
Wei Lei 1 , Lianxing Wen 2
Affiliation  

We constrain D″ anisotropy beneath the North American continent and northeastern Pacific using two approaches: (1) joint splitting analysis of SKS and SKKS phase pair for a common event, in which we obtain 158 pairs exhibiting discrepant splitting results and 791 pairs nondiscrepant splitting results; and (2) group splitting analysis of SKS (or SKKS) phase from neighboring events recorded at a common station, in which we observe 109 2°×2° grids with consistent splitting parameters, and 164 grids with abrupt changes from splitting to no splitting within 30–100 km. The seismic data from both analyses indicate that small‐scale variations of D″ anisotropy are widespread beneath the studied regions, with a lateral scale up to tens of kilometers. For portion of the data recorded at the stations of simple upper‐mantle anisotropy, we correct for the effects of upper‐mantle anisotropy and obtain the splitting parameters of D″ anisotropy. The inferred D″ anisotropy exhibits a changing geographic pattern and lateral transition of anisotropy to a lateral scale of tens of kilometers. Such a length scale of changing anisotropy is also confirmed by synthetics modeling of the seismic data. We suggest that the inferred small‐scale anisotropies could be best explained by the shape preferred orientation of widespread small‐scale partial melt pockets derived by a composition change produced early in the Earth’s history, a similar compositional origin that was invoked to explain the African anomaly in the lower mantle.

中文翻译:

北美大陆和东北太平洋下方最低地幔中的广泛小规模各向异性结构

我们使用两种方法将D''各向异性限制在北美大陆和东北太平洋以下:(1)共同事件的SKS和SKKS相对的联合分裂分析,其中我们获得了158对展现差异性分裂结果和791对非分散性分裂结果。 ; (2)从一个共同台站记录的相邻事件中对SKS(或SKKS)相位进行分组分裂分析,其中我们观察到109个具有一致分裂参数的2°×2°网格和164个从分裂到不分裂突变的网格。 30-100公里内。两次分析的地震数据均表明,D''各向异性的小范围变化广泛分布在研究区域的下方,横向尺度可达数十公里。对于在简单的上地幔各向异性测站上记录的部分数据,我们校正了上地幔各向异性的影响,并获得了D''各向异性的分裂参数。推断出的D''各向异性表现出变化的地理格局,并且各向异性向横向扩展到几十公里。这种各向异性变化的长度尺度也可以通过地震数据的合成模型得到证实。我们建议,推断的小尺度各向异性可以最好地解释,这是由于地球历史早期产生的成分变化而产生的广泛的小尺度局部熔体腔的形状偏好取向,这种相似的成分起源被用来解释非洲异常现象。在下地幔。推断出的D''各向异性表现出变化的地理格局,并且各向异性向横向扩展到几十公里。这种各向异性变化的长度尺度也可以通过地震数据的合成模型得到证实。我们建议,推断的小尺度各向异性可以最好地解释,这是由于地球历史早期产生的成分变化而产生的广泛的小尺度局部熔体腔的形状偏好取向,这种相似的成分起源被用来解释非洲异常现象。在下地幔。推断出的D''各向异性表现出变化的地理格局,并且各向异性向横向扩展到几十公里。这种各向异性变化的长度尺度也可以通过地震数据的合成模型得到证实。我们建议,推断的小尺度各向异性可以最好地解释,这是由于地球历史早期产生的成分变化而产生的广泛的小尺度局部熔体腔的形状偏好取向,这种相似的成分起源被用来解释非洲异常现象。在下地幔。
更新日期:2020-09-03
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