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Biomimetic anti-freezing polymeric hydrogels: keeping soft-wet materials active in cold environments
Materials Horizons ( IF 12.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-03 , DOI: 10.1039/d0mh01029d Yukun Jian 1 , Stephan Handschuh-Wang , Jiawei Zhang , Wei Lu , Xuechang Zhou , Tao Chen
Materials Horizons ( IF 12.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-03 , DOI: 10.1039/d0mh01029d Yukun Jian 1 , Stephan Handschuh-Wang , Jiawei Zhang , Wei Lu , Xuechang Zhou , Tao Chen
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As one of the most outstanding materials, the analysis of the structure and function of hydrogels has been extensively carried out to tailor and adapt them to various fields of application. The high water content, which is beneficial for plenty of applications in the biomedical setting, prevents the adoption of hydrogels in flexible electronics and sensors in real life applications, because hydrogels lose their excellent properties, including conductivity, transparency, flexibility, etc., upon freezing at sub-zero temperatures. Therefore, depressing the liquid–solid phase transition temperature is a powerful means to expand the application scope of hydrogels, and will benefit the chemical engineering and materials science communities. This review summarizes the recent research progress of anti-freezing hydrogels. At first, approaches for the generation of anti-freezing (hydro)gels are introduced and their anti-freezing mechanisms and performances are briefly discussed. These approaches are either based on addition of salts, alcohols (cryoprotectants and organohydrogels), and ionic liquids (ionogels), modification of the polymer network or a combination of several techniques. Then, a concise overview of applications leveraged by the widened temperature resistance is provided and future research areas and developments are envisaged.
中文翻译：
仿生防冻聚合物水凝胶：在寒冷环境中保持软湿材料的活性
作为最杰出的材料之一，水凝胶的结构和功能分析已被广泛开展，以使其适应各种应用领域。高含水量有利于生物医学环境中的大量应用，阻止了水凝胶在现实生活应用中的柔性电子产品和传感器中的采用，因为水凝胶失去了其优异的性能，包括导电性、透明度、柔韧性等。，在零下温度下冻结。因此，降低液固相转变温度是扩大水凝胶应用范围的有力手段，将造福于化学工程和材料科学界。本文综述了近年来抗冻水凝胶的研究进展。首先介绍了防冻（水）凝胶的制备方法，并简要讨论了它们的防冻机理和性能。这些方法要么基于盐、醇（冷冻保护剂和有机水凝胶）和离子液体（离子凝胶）的添加、聚合物网络的改性或多种技术的组合。然后，简要概述了扩大的耐温性所利用的应用，并展望了未来的研究领域和发展。
更新日期：2020-09-03
中文翻译：
仿生防冻聚合物水凝胶：在寒冷环境中保持软湿材料的活性
作为最杰出的材料之一，水凝胶的结构和功能分析已被广泛开展，以使其适应各种应用领域。高含水量有利于生物医学环境中的大量应用，阻止了水凝胶在现实生活应用中的柔性电子产品和传感器中的采用，因为水凝胶失去了其优异的性能，包括导电性、透明度、柔韧性等。，在零下温度下冻结。因此，降低液固相转变温度是扩大水凝胶应用范围的有力手段，将造福于化学工程和材料科学界。本文综述了近年来抗冻水凝胶的研究进展。首先介绍了防冻（水）凝胶的制备方法，并简要讨论了它们的防冻机理和性能。这些方法要么基于盐、醇（冷冻保护剂和有机水凝胶）和离子液体（离子凝胶）的添加、聚合物网络的改性或多种技术的组合。然后，简要概述了扩大的耐温性所利用的应用，并展望了未来的研究领域和发展。
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