In this paper we introduce a scheme for detecting manipulated audio and video. The scheme is a synthesis of blockchains, encrypted spread spectrum watermarks, perceptual hashing and digital signatures, which we call an Embedded Blockchain. Within this scheme, we use the blockchain for its data structure of a cryptographically linked list, cryptographic hashing for absolute comparisons, perceptual hashing for flexible comparisons, digital signatures for proof of ownership, and encrypted spread spectrum watermarking to embed the blockchain into the background noise of the media. So each media recording has its own unique blockchain, with each block holding information describing the media segment. The problem of verifying the integrity of the media is recast to traversing the blockchain, block-by-block, and segment-by-segment of the media. If any chain is broken, the difference in the computed and extracted perceptual hash is used to estimate the level of manipulation.

中文翻译：

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嵌入式区块链：区块链、扩频水印、感知散列和数字签名的综合

在本文中，我们介绍了一种检测被操纵的音频和视频的方案。该方案是区块链、加密扩频水印、感知散列和数字签名的综合，我们称之为嵌入式区块链。在该方案中，我们使用区块链作为其加密链表的数据结构、用于绝对比较的加密散列、用于灵活比较的感知散列、用于所有权证明的数字签名以及将区块链嵌入到背景噪声中的加密扩频水印的媒体。所以每个媒体记录都有自己独特的区块链，每个区块都保存着描述媒体片段的信息。验证媒体完整性的问题被重铸为遍历区块链，逐块，逐段地遍历媒体。