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4D Multimodal Nanomedicines Made of Nonequilibrium Au-Fe Alloy Nanoparticles.
ACS Nano ( IF 15.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-02 , DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c03614 Veronica Torresan 1 , Daniel Forrer 1, 2 , Andrea Guadagnini 1 , Denis Badocco 1 , Paolo Pastore 1 , Maurizio Casarin 1, 2 , Annabella Selloni 3 , Diego Coral 4 , Marcelo Ceolin 5 , Marcela B Fernández van Raap 6 , Alice Busato 7 , Pasquina Marzola 7 , Antonello E Spinelli 8 , Vincenzo Amendola 1
ACS Nano ( IF 15.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-02 , DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c03614 Veronica Torresan 1 , Daniel Forrer 1, 2 , Andrea Guadagnini 1 , Denis Badocco 1 , Paolo Pastore 1 , Maurizio Casarin 1, 2 , Annabella Selloni 3 , Diego Coral 4 , Marcelo Ceolin 5 , Marcela B Fernández van Raap 6 , Alice Busato 7 , Pasquina Marzola 7 , Antonello E Spinelli 8 , Vincenzo Amendola 1
Affiliation
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Several examples of nanosized therapeutic and imaging agents have been proposed to date, yet for most of them there is a low chance of clinical translation due to long-term in vivo retention and toxicity risks. The realization of nanoagents that can be removed from the body after use remains thus a great challenge. Here, we demonstrate that nonequilibrium gold–iron alloys behave as shape-morphing nanocrystals with the properties of self-degradable multifunctional nanomedicines. DFT calculations combined with mixing enthalpy-weighted alloying simulations predict that Au–Fe solid solutions can exhibit self-degradation in an aqueous environment if the Fe content exceeds a threshold that depends upon element topology in the nanocrystals. Exploiting a laser-assisted synthesis route, we experimentally confirm that nonequilibrium Au–Fe nanoalloys have a 4D behavior, that is, the ability to change shape, size, and structure over time, becoming ultrasmall Au-rich nanocrystals. In vivo tests show the potential of these transformable Au–Fe nanoalloys as efficient multimodal contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging and computed X-ray absorption tomography and further demonstrate their self-degradation over time, with a significant reduction of long-term accumulation in the body, when compared to benchmark gold or iron oxide contrast agents. Hence, Au–Fe alloy nanoparticles exhibiting 4D behavior can respond to the need for safe and degradable inorganic multifunctional nanomedicines required in clinical translation.
中文翻译：
由非平衡Au-Fe合金纳米颗粒制成的4D多峰纳米药物。
迄今为止，已经提出了几种纳米治疗剂和显像剂的例子，但是由于长期在体内，对于大多数它们来说，临床翻译的机会很小保留和毒性风险。因此，实现在使用后可以从体内去除的纳米剂仍然是一个巨大的挑战。在这里，我们证明了非平衡金铁合金具有可变形的纳米晶体的性能，具有可自降解的多功能纳米药物的特性。DFT计算与混合焓加权合金化模拟相结合，可以预测，如果Fe含量超过取决于纳米晶体元素拓扑的阈值，则Au-Fe固溶体在水性环境中会表现出自降解。利用激光辅助的合成途径，我们通过实验证实了非平衡Au-Fe纳米合金具有4D行为，即随时间改变形状，大小和结构的能力，从而成为富含Au的超小型纳米晶体。体内测试表明这些可变形的Au-Fe纳米合金作为磁共振成像和计算机X射线吸收断层扫描的有效多峰造影剂的潜力，并进一步证明了它们随着时间的推移会自我降解，从而显着减少了体内长期积累，与基准金或氧化铁对比剂相比。因此，具有4D行为的Au-Fe合金纳米颗粒可以满足临床翻译中对安全，可降解的无机多功能纳米药物的需求。
更新日期：2020-10-28
中文翻译：
由非平衡Au-Fe合金纳米颗粒制成的4D多峰纳米药物。
迄今为止，已经提出了几种纳米治疗剂和显像剂的例子，但是由于长期在体内，对于大多数它们来说，临床翻译的机会很小保留和毒性风险。因此，实现在使用后可以从体内去除的纳米剂仍然是一个巨大的挑战。在这里，我们证明了非平衡金铁合金具有可变形的纳米晶体的性能，具有可自降解的多功能纳米药物的特性。DFT计算与混合焓加权合金化模拟相结合，可以预测，如果Fe含量超过取决于纳米晶体元素拓扑的阈值，则Au-Fe固溶体在水性环境中会表现出自降解。利用激光辅助的合成途径，我们通过实验证实了非平衡Au-Fe纳米合金具有4D行为，即随时间改变形状，大小和结构的能力，从而成为富含Au的超小型纳米晶体。体内测试表明这些可变形的Au-Fe纳米合金作为磁共振成像和计算机X射线吸收断层扫描的有效多峰造影剂的潜力，并进一步证明了它们随着时间的推移会自我降解，从而显着减少了体内长期积累，与基准金或氧化铁对比剂相比。因此，具有4D行为的Au-Fe合金纳米颗粒可以满足临床翻译中对安全，可降解的无机多功能纳米药物的需求。
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