Intervertebral disc extrusion (IVDE) is one of the most common neurologic problems encountered in veterinary clinical practice. The purpose of this manuscript is to provide an overview of the literature related to treatment of acute canine thoracolumbar IVDE to help construct a framework for standard care of acute canine thoracolumbar IVDE where sufficient evidence exists and to highlight opportunities for future prospective veterinary clinical research useful to strengthen care recommendations in areas where evidence is low or non-existent. While there exist a number of gaps in the veterinary literature with respect to standards of care for dogs with acute thoracolumbar IVDE, recommendations for standard care can be made in some areas, particularly with respect to surgical decompression where the currently available evidence supports that surgery should be recommended for dogs with nonambulatory paraparesis or worse. While additional information is needed about the influence on timing of decompression on outcome in dogs that are deep pain negative for longer than 48 h duration, there is no evidence to support treatment of the 48 h time point as a cut off beyond which it becomes impossible for dogs to achieve locomotor recovery. Surgical decompression is best accomplished by either hemilaminectomy or mini-hemilaminectomy and fenestration of, at a minimum, the acutely ruptured disc. Adjacent discs easily accessed by way of the same approach should be considered for fenestration given the evidence that this substantially reduces future herniation at fenestrated sites. Currently available neuroprotective strategies such as high does MPSS and PEG are not recommended due to lack of demonstrated treatment effect in randomized controlled trials, although the role of anti-inflammatory steroids as a protective strategy against progressive myelomalacia and the question of whether anti-inflammatory steroids or NSAIDs provide superior medical therapy require further evaluation.

椎间盘挤压术（IVDE）是兽医临床实践中遇到的最常见的神经系统问题之一。本手稿的目的是提供与急性犬胸腰椎IVDE治疗有关的文献的概述，以帮助构建存在足够证据的急性犬胸腰椎IVDE标准护理框架，并强调今后可用于兽医学的前瞻性兽医临床研究的机会在证据不足或不存在的地区加强护理建议。虽然兽医文献在急性胸腰椎IVDE犬的护理标准方面存在许多空白，但可以在某些领域提出标准护理的建议，特别是对于手术减压，目前已有的证据支持对非卧床偏瘫或病情较轻的狗建议进行手术。虽然还需要更多信息，以了解深压阴性持续时间超过48小时的狗对减压时间对结局的影响，但没有证据支持对48小时时间点进行治疗，因为超过这个时间点就不可能了为狗实现运动恢复。手术减压最好通过半椎板切除术或迷你半椎板切除术以及至少急性破裂的椎间盘开窗来完成。鉴于有证据表明这大大减少了将来在开窗部位的椎间盘突出症，因此应考虑通过相同方法容易接近的相邻椎间盘进行开窗手术。