ABSTRACT Application of green manures substitutes use of chemical fertilizers, improves soil health, prevents soil degradation also ensures food security. Two years’ field experiment was laid out to determine the impact of Egyptian clover green manuring (GM) under varying nitrogen (N) levels on soil properties and maize production. Maize was grown using six N levels, i.e., 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 kg ha−1 along with GM and without GM. The GM improved grain yield (+33%, +48%) due to substantial improvement in grains/cob, 1000-grain weight and grain nutritional contents during spring 2017 and 2018 respectively. Likewise, GM also improved organic matter (OM) (+40%, +88%), available N (+210%, +219%), and total phosphorus (P) (+112%, +128%) compared to no GM. Similarly, 250 kg N ha−1 produced more grains/cob, biological yield and grain yield compared to control and other levels. In interactive effect, GM with 150 kg N ha−1 outperformed in improving 1000-grain weight, maize productivity and agronomic N efficiency. In conclusion, GM improved soil OM and total soil N compared to no GM. Moreover, GM with 150 kg N ha−1 improved productivity, agronomic N efficiency and saved 40% N compared with no GM where 250 kg N ha−1 gave best results.

中文翻译：

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埃及三叶草绿肥改善不同氮肥下春玉米的谷物营养成分、生产力和土壤健康

摘要 使用绿肥替代化肥，改善土壤健康，防止土壤退化，也确保了粮食安全。两年的田间试验旨在确定埃及三叶草绿肥 (GM) 在不同氮 (N) 水平下对土壤特性和玉米生产的影响。玉米种植使用六个 N 水平，即 0、50、100、150、200 和 250 kg ha-1，同时使用转基因和不使用转基因。由于 2017 年和 2018 年春季谷物/玉米芯、千粒重和谷物营养成分的显着改善，转基因提高了谷物产量（+33%、+48%）。同样，与没有相比，转基因还改善了有机质 (OM) (+40%, +88%)、有效氮 (+210%, +219%) 和总磷 (P) (+112%, +128%)总经理。类似地，250 kg N ha−1 产生更多的谷物/玉米棒，与对照和其他水平相比，生物产量和谷物产量。在交互作用中，150 kg N ha-1 的转基因在提高千粒重、玉米生产力和农艺氮效率方面表现优异。总之，与没有转基因相比，转基因改善了土壤有机质和土壤总氮。此外，与未使用 250 kg N ha-1 的转基因作物相比，使用 150 kg N ha-1 的转基因作物提高了生产力、农学氮肥效率并节省了 40% 的氮肥，其中 250 kg N ha-1 的效果最好。