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Generalized Debye--Hückel Equation From Poisson--Bikerman Theory
SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics ( IF 1.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-02 , DOI: 10.1137/19m128185x
Chin-Lung Li , Jinn-Liang Liu

SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics, Volume 80, Issue 5, Page 2003-2023, January 2020.
The Debye--Hückel (DH) equation is a fundamental physical model in chemical thermodynamics that describes the free energy (chemical potential, activity) of an ion in electrolyte solutions. We derive, analyze, and verify a generalized DH equation from a fourth-order Poisson--Bikerman theory that accounts for steric and correlation effects of ions and water treated as nonuniform spheres with voids. The derivation yields Debye and correlation lengths that include the steric effect. We perform asymptotic analyses in detail and show that generalized DH and Debye models reduce to their classical counterparts when these effects vanish in limiting cases. Moreover, the generalized DH model is shown to differ much from Hückel's model as their approximations of Born solvation energies are inverse of each other in terms of fitting parameters and ionic strength. Numerical evidence also verifies this finding which may explain why extended DH models need more parameters generally without physical hints to fit experimental data over wide ranges of composition, temperature, and pressure. The generalized DH model needs only the same three parameters for all different ions in a binary or ternary electrolyte solution to fit each experimental data curve of mean activities at various concentrations (up to 6 mol/kg), temperatures (25 to 300 $\operatorname{^{\circ}{C}}$), and pressures (1.01 to 85.5 bars). These parameters model the unknown Born energy of an ion in electrolyte solutions under variable conditions and show orderly values in a total of 17 data curves.


中文翻译:

泊松-比克曼理论的广义Debye-Hückel方程

SIAM应用数学杂志,第80卷,第5期,第2003-2023页,2020年1月。
Debye-Hückel(DH)方程是化学热力学中的基本物理模型,它描述了电解质溶液中离子的自由能(化学势,活度)。我们从四阶Poisson-Bikerman理论推导,分析和验证广义DH方程,该方程解释了被视为具有空隙的非均匀球体的离子和水的空间效应和相关效应。推导得出包括空间效应的德拜和相关长度。我们进行了详细的渐近分析,结果表明,在有限的情况下,当这些效应消失时,广义的DH和Debye模型将还原为经典模型。此外,广义DH模型与Hückel s模型,因为它们的Born溶剂化能量近似值在拟合参数和离子强度方面彼此相反。数值证据也证实了这一发现,这可以解释为什么扩展的DH模型通常需要更多的参数而又没有物理提示来适应大范围的成分,温度和压力下的实验数据。广义DH模型对于二元或三元电解质溶液中的所有不同离子仅需要相同的三个参数,以拟合各种浓度(最高6 mol / kg),温度(25至300美元\操作员名称)下平均活性的每个实验数据曲线{^ {\ circ} {C}} $)和压力(1.01至85.5巴)。这些参数模拟了可变条件下电解质溶液中离子的未知Born能,并在总共17条数据曲线中显示了有序的值。数值证据也证实了这一发现,这可以解释为什么扩展的DH模型通常需要更多的参数而又没有物理提示来适应较大范围的成分,温度和压力下的实验数据。广义DH模型对于二元或三元电解质溶液中的所有不同离子仅需要相同的三个参数,以拟合各种浓度(最高6 mol / kg),温度(25至300美元\操作员名称)下平均活性的每个实验数据曲线{^ {\ circ} {C}} $)和压力(1.01至85.5巴)。这些参数模拟了可变条件下电解质溶液中离子的未知Born能,并在总共17条数据曲线中显示了有序的值。数值证据也证实了这一发现,这可以解释为什么扩展的DH模型通常需要更多的参数而又没有物理提示来适应较大范围的成分,温度和压力下的实验数据。广义DH模型对于二元或三元电解质溶液中的所有不同离子仅需要相同的三个参数,以拟合各种浓度(最高6 mol / kg),温度(25至300美元\操作员名称)下平均活性的每个实验数据曲线{^ {\ circ} {C}} $)和压力(1.01至85.5巴)。这些参数模拟了可变条件下电解质溶液中离子的未知Born能,并在总共17条数据曲线中显示了有序的值。
更新日期:2020-09-15
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