Common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) is a leguminous plant used as forage and cover crops. A protocol of ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)‐induced mutations was established in the present study, based on analysis of seed germination and emergence rate, seedling growth and abnormal plant percentage as affected by combinations of EMS concentration and treatment time. Treatment of seeds with 0.1% EMS for 9 and 12 hr or 0.5% EMS for 6 and 9 hr led to 43%–66% normal plants, which was suggested to be used for EMS‐induced mutations in common vetch. The wild‐type common vetch showed red with accumulation of anthocyanins in winter, and two lines showing separation of anthocyanin accumulation (labeled as A⁺) and without anthocyanin accumulation (labeled as A^–) plants were selected from M₂ plants induced by EMS in the field. The A^– plants showing green color had higher plant height and fresh shoot weight than the A⁺ plants during wintering, with lower ion leakage after freezing treatment, indicating that the green mutants (A^–) had increased cold tolerance. Compared to A⁺ plants, the green mutants had significantly increased ascorbate (AsA) level in response to low temperature treatment. The results suggest that the increased AsA level under low temperature was associated with the increased cold tolerance in the green mutants.

中文翻译：

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EMS诱变的常见v子（Vicia sativa L.）和两个没有花青素积聚的突变体显示出更高的耐寒性

普通紫v（Vicia sativa L.）是一种豆科植物，用作草料和农作物。在本研究的基础上，建立了由甲基磺酸乙酯（EMS）引起的突变的方案，该分析基于受EMS浓度和处理时间影响的种子发芽和出苗率，幼苗生长和异常植物百分比的分析。用0.1％EMS处理9和12 hr或0.5％EMS处理6和9 hr的种子可导致43％–66％的正常植株，建议将其用于常见紫etch中由EMS诱导的突变。野生型普通紫showed在冬季呈红色，并带有花青素积聚，而两行显示花青素积聚（标记为A ⁺）分离，而没有花色素苷积聚（标记为A ^–）植物选自由EMS在田间诱导的M ₂种植物。显示为绿色的A ^–植物在越冬期间具有比A ⁺植物更高的株高和新鲜的枝条重量，冷冻处理后的离子泄漏较少，这表明绿色突变体（A ^–）具有更高的耐寒性。与A ⁺植物相比，绿色突变体在响应低温处理后抗坏血酸（AsA）水平显着增加。结果表明，低温下AsA水平的提高与绿色突变体中耐寒性的提高有关。