The genetic consequences of adaptation to changing environments can be deciphered using population genomics, which may help predict species' responses to global climate change. Towards this, we used genome‐wide SNP marker analysis to determine population structure and patterns of genetic differentiation in terms of neutral and adaptive genetic variation in the natural range of Eucalyptus grandis, a widely cultivated subtropical and temperate species, serving as genomic reference for the genus. We analysed introgression patterns at subchromosomal resolution using a modified ancestry mapping approach and identified provenances with extensive interspecific introgression in response to increased aridity. Furthermore, we describe potentially adaptive genetic variation as explained by environment‐associated SNP markers, which also led to the discovery of what is likely a large structural variant. Finally, we show that genes linked to these markers are enriched for biotic and abiotic stress responses.

中文翻译：

---

亚热带典型树种桉树（Eucalyptus grandis）渗入和适应的基因组证据

可以使用种群基因组学来解读适应环境变化的遗传后果，这可能有助于预测物种对全球气候变化的反应。为此，我们使用了全基因组SNP标记分析，根据桉树自然范围内的中性和适应性遗传变异来确定种群结构和遗传分化模式。是广泛种植的亚热带和温带物种，可作为该属的基因组参考。我们使用改良的祖先作图方法分析了亚染色体分辨率的基因渗入模式，并确定了对干旱增加引起种间种质渗入的种源。此外，我们描述了与环境相关的SNP标记所解释的潜在的适应性遗传变异，这也导致了可能的大结构变异的发现。最后，我们证明了与这些标记物相关的基因对于生物和非生物胁迫反应而言是富集的。