It is nearly three decades since the world recognized the need for a global multilateral treaty aiming to address accelerating biodiversity loss. However, biodiversity continues to decline at a concerning rate. Drawing on lessons from the implementation of the current strategic plan of the Convention on Biological Diversity and the 2010 Aichi Targets, we highlight three interlinked core areas, which require attention and improvement in the development of the post‐2020 Biodiversity Framework under the Convention on Biological Diversity. They are: (1) developing robust theories of change which define agreed, adaptive plans for achieving targets; (2) using models to evaluate assumptions and effectiveness of different plans and targets; and (3) identifying the common but differentiated responsibilities of different actors/states/countries within these plans. We demonstrate how future multilateral agreements must not focus only on what needs to be done but also on how it should be done, using measurable steps, which make sense at the scales at which biodiversity change happens.

中文翻译：

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多边协定中生物多样性保护的三个主要考虑因素

自世界认识到需要一项旨在解决日益严重的生物多样性丧失的全球多边条约以来，已经过去了近三十年。但是，生物多样性继续以令人担忧的速度下降。借鉴执行《生物多样性公约》当前战略计划和2010年《爱知目标》的经验教训，我们强调了三个相互联系的核心领域，在《生物多样性公约》下的2020年后生物多样性框架的发展中需要关注和改进多样性。它们是：（1）建立健全的变革理论，为达成目标定义商定的适应性计划；（2）使用模型评估不同计划和目标的假设和有效性；（3）在这些计划中确定不同参与者/州/国家的共同但有区别的责任。我们展示了未来的多边协议如何不应该仅使用可衡量的步骤仅关注需要完成的事情，还应该关注应如何完成它，这在发生生物多样性变化的规模上是有意义的。