Abstract Previous post-earthquake damage investigations have indicated that inclined piles have either performed satisfactorily or poorly during seismic events; hence their effectiveness is still questionable. This paper aims to clarify the performance of inclined piles installed in the liquefiable ground during earthquakes. To this end, a three-dimensional finite element model has been developed using the OpenSees program. The effects of soil-pile interaction have been evaluated by applying interface elements between the soil and the pile. Subsequently, the behavior of sand is described with the help of a multi-yield-surface plasticity constitutive relation. By changing the pile configurations and the amplitude of loading patterns, a series of parametric analyses are conducted, and the system responses (i.e., soil, cap, and pile responses) are compared. The results clearly illustrate that the presence of inclined piles has a beneficial effect on the dynamic response of the soil-pile-cap system in non-liquefied soils and of the cap response in liquefied soils. However, highly detrimental effects of inclined piles on the soil and pile responses have been observed as the soil liquefies. Based on the results, the conditions wherein inclined piles may perform satisfactorily or poorly are highlighted.

中文翻译：

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可液化砂岩斜桩抗震性能数值分析

摘要 以往的震后损害调查表明，斜桩在地震事件中表现良好或较差；因此，它们的有效性仍然值得怀疑。本文旨在阐明安装在可液化地面中的斜桩在地震期间的性能。为此，使用 OpenSees 程序开发了一个三维有限元模型。通过在土和桩之间应用界面元素来评估土-桩相互作用的影响。随后，在多屈服面塑性本构关系的帮助下描述了砂的行为。通过改变桩的配置和加载模式的幅度，进行了一系列参数分析，以及系统响应（即土、盖、和桩响应）进行比较。结果清楚地表明，斜桩的存在对非液化土壤中的土-桩-盖系统的动力响应和液化土壤中的盖响应具有有益的影响。然而，当土壤液化时，已经观察到倾斜桩对土壤和桩响应的高度有害影响。根据结果​​，突出显示了斜桩性能令人满意或较差的条件。