Pyrite-bearing coal wastes are responsible of the formation of acid mine drainage (AMD), and their management to mitigate environmental impacts is a challenge to the coal mine industry in Europe and worldwide. The European CEReS project sought to develop a generic co-processing strategy to reuse and recycle coal wastes, based on removal of AMD generating potential through bioleaching. Chemolitoautotrophic iron- and sulfur-oxidizing microbial consortia were enriched from a Polish coal waste at 30 °C and 48 °C, but not 42 °C. Pyrite leaching yield, determined from bioleaching tests in 2-L stirred bioreactors, was best with the 48 °C endogenous consortium (80%), then the 42 °C exogenous BRGM-KCC consortium (71%), and finally the 30 °C endogenous consortium (50%). 16S rRNA gene-targeted metagenomics from five surface locations on the dump waste revealed a microbial community adapted to the site context, composed of iron- and/or sulfur-oxidizing genera thriving in low pH and metal rich environments and involved in AMD generation. All together, the results confirmed the predisposition of the pyritic coal waste to bioleaching and the potential of endogenous microorganisms for efficient bioleaching at 48 °C. The good leaching yields open the perspective to optimize further and scale-up the bioleaching process.

含黄铁矿的煤废料是酸性矿山排水（AMD）的形成原因，其减轻环境影响的管理对欧洲乃至全球的煤矿行业都构成了挑战。欧洲CEReS项目寻求在通过生物浸出去除AMD产生潜力的基础上，开发一种通用的协同处理策略，以重复利用和回收煤炭废物。化学自养型铁和硫氧化微生物菌群在30°C和48°C而不是42°C的条件下从波兰的煤废料中富集。从2-L搅拌生物反应器中的生物浸出测试确定的黄铁矿浸出率最好是48°C内源性财团（80％），然后是42°C外源性BRGM-KCC财团（71％），最后是30°C内生财团（50％）。来自倾倒废物的五个表面位置的16S rRNA基因靶向宏基因组学揭示了一种适合现场环境的微生物群落，由在低pH和富含金属的环境中兴旺的铁和/或硫氧化属组成，并参与了AMD的产生。总之，这些结果证实了黄铁矿煤废物易于生物浸出，并证实了内源微生物在48°C下有效生物浸出的潜力。良好的浸出率为进一步优化和扩大生物浸出工艺开辟了前景。结果证实了黄铁矿煤废物易于生物浸出，并证实了内源微生物在48°C下有效生物浸出的潜力。良好的浸出率为进一步优化和扩大生物浸出工艺开辟了前景。结果证实了黄铁矿垃圾易发生生物浸出，并证实了内源微生物在48°C下有效生物浸出的潜力。良好的浸出率为进一步优化和扩大生物浸出工艺开辟了前景。