The mechanisms of crack formation in the tungsten divertor plates irradiated by hydrogen plasma under ITER-type steady-state and transient events are investigated. The stresses and defects of samples‘ initial structure are annealed as a result of steady-state irradiation with Falcon ion source, which generates 2 keV hydrogen ion flux of ~ 10²² m^-2s⁻¹ and power density ~ 1.7 MW × m⁻². Quasi-stationary plasma accelerator QSPA Kh-50 provides pulsed hydrogen plasma loads which operating mode simulates transient events (type I ELMs) in ITER: ion impact energy is about 400 eV, maximum plasma pressure is 0.32 MPa, pulse duration is 0.25 ms. The diffraction maxima profiles, positions, intensities, half-widths, and intensity distributions are analyzed. The origin of crack formation is found to be in the plastic deformation of surface layers by the twinning mechanism. The latter is reinforced by the interaction of twins with the hydrogen-filled micro-pores. The micro-pores appear as a result of hydrogen saturation of subtraction loops formed due to the coalescence of vacancy complexes.

研究了在ITER型稳态和瞬态事件下，氢等离子体辐照钨分流板的裂纹形成机理。样本的初始结构应力和缺陷被退火与隼离子源的稳态辐照，其产生〜10的2千电子伏氢离子通量的结果²²米^-2小号^-1和功率密度〜1.7 MW×米^{- 2}。准静态等离子体加速器QSPA Kh-50提供脉冲氢等离子体负载，其运行模式模拟ITER中的瞬态事件（I型ELM）：离子撞击能量约为400 eV，最大等离子体压力为0.32 MPa，脉冲持续时间为0.25 ms。分析了最大衍射图，位置，强度，半峰宽和强度分布。发现裂纹形成的根源在于孪生机制对表层的塑性变形。孪晶与充氢微孔的相互作用增强了后者。微孔的出现是由于空位络合物聚结而形成的减法环的氢饱和的结果。