Energy storage and demand response are becoming an increasingly valuable solution for the enhancement of stability and reliability of the electricity grid with high penetration of distributed energy sources such as wind and solar. This paper proposes an intelligent energy management scheme to allow different distributed generation sources and energy storage technologies to actively participate in demand response via the deployed smart meter infrastructure. A Distributed Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (D-SMES) device is integrated into the network to deliver instantaneous and large bursts of power to support the grid under short-term disturbances. The proposed demand response-based energy management algorithm receives, via the smart meter infrastructure, the information from the electricity network such as the energy cost, upper load adjustment limit, and the State-of-Charge (SOC) of the storage system then, under very specific conditions, a decision is formulated as a control signal for charging or discharging the storage system, aiming at minimizing the total energy while avoiding any load shedding. The effectiveness of the proposed demand response approach for controlling generation, storage and demand coordination and energy cost reduction is demonstrated on a sample power system simulated in MATLAB/SimPowerSystems toolbox and evaluated under different case study scenarios.

随着分布式能源（例如风能和太阳能）的高度普及，能量存储和需求响应已成为越来越有价值的解决方案，用于提高电网的稳定性和可靠性。本文提出了一种智能能源管理方案，以允许不同的分布式发电源和能量存储技术通过已部署的智能电表基础设施积极参与需求响应。分布式超导磁储能（D-SMES）设备已集成到网络中，可提供瞬时的大功率突发功率，以在短期干扰下支持电网。拟议的基于需求响应的能源管理算法通过智能电表基础设施接收来自电网的信息，例如能源成本，然后，在非常特定的条件下，将负载调整上限和存储系统的充电状态（SOC）制定为控制信号，以便对存储系统进行充电或放电，以最大程度地减少总能量，同时避免任何减载。在MATLAB / SimPowerSystems工具箱中模拟并在不同案例研究场景下进行了评估的示例电力系统，证明了所提出的需求响应方法在控制发电，存储和需求协调以及降低能源成本方面的有效性。