In this review, we will discuss the current developments in the field of stem cell immuoengineering, with a focus on the studies of natural killer (NK) cells over the past 5 years. The key advances in stem cell immunoengineering include the generation of human NK cells from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), the genetic modification of hPSCs and hPSC-derived NK cells for improved cellular function, as well as the applications of cell culture platforms for stem cell manufacturing. We will also review the application of available genome editing tools to design and engineer hPSCs as universal donor cells to produce off-the-shelf NK cells applicable to any patient. Current challenges impeding the translation of NK cells and future directions to understand and address these challenges will also be discussed.

在这篇综述中，我们将讨论干细胞免疫工程领域的当前发展，重点是过去5年中自然杀伤（NK）细胞的研究。干细胞免疫工程的关键进展包括从人多能干细胞（hPSC）产生人NK细胞，对hPSC和hPSC衍生的NK细胞进行遗传修饰以改善细胞功能，以及将细胞培养平台用于干细胞电池制造。我们还将审查可用的基因组编辑工具在设计和工程化hPSCs作为通用供体细胞以生产适用于任何患者的现成NK细胞方面的应用。还将讨论阻碍NK细胞翻译的当前挑战以及理解和应对这些挑战的未来方向。