Abstract Enhanced greenhouse effects by anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) resulted in global warming since the Industrial Revolution. However, the influence of the spectral characteristics of the Earth's surface radiation on the greenhouse effect has not been completely explored. This work uses the surface temperature as the variable of model and investigates the response mechanism of the greenhouse effect. According to the GHGs' different selective spectral absorption of earth's infrared radiation (IR) band and the distribution characteristic of spectral radiant intensity with the temperature increases, some quantified analysis shows that the greenhouse effect is highly dependent on two factors: the radiation intensity enhancement (RIE) and the spectral absorption enhancement (SAE). RIE is determined by the spectral radiant intensity of earth's IR while SAE represents the GHGs' spectral absorption change under different wavelength. As the results show, RIE always enhances the greenhouse effect, while SAE, as a result of the spectral shift in the Earth's radiant energy, can enhance or weaken the greenhouse effect depending on the positive or negative total SAE integrated over the entire spectral region. The quantified data of this work also explain the reason why greenhouse effect has greater impact on extreme cold areas from the aspect of spectral characteristics: when the surface temperature drops below −20 °C, SAE of CO2 has an enhancing effect, so that both RIE and SAE exert positive influences with the temperature increase in the polar region for its extremely low surface temperature, which doubly enhances the global warming.

中文翻译：

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地球表面辐射光谱特性对温室效应的影响：原理与机制

摘要 自工业革命以来，人为排放的温室气体 (GHG) 加剧了温室效应，导致全球变暖。然而，地球表面辐射的光谱特征对温室效应的影响尚未完全探索。本工作以地表温度为模型变量，研究温室效应的响应机制。根据温室气体对地球红外辐射（IR）波段的不同选择性光谱吸收和光谱辐射强度随温度升高的分布特征，一些量化分析表明，温室效应高度依赖于两个因素：辐射强度增强（ RIE) 和光谱吸收增强 (SAE)。RIE由地球IR的光谱辐射强度决定，而SAE代表温室气体在不同波长下的光谱吸收变化。结果表明，RIE 总是增强温室效应，而 SAE 作为地球辐射能光谱偏移的结果，可以增强或减弱温室效应，这取决于在整个光谱区域上积分的正或负总 SAE。本工作的量化数据也从光谱特征方面解释了温室效应对极寒地区影响较大的原因：当地表温度降至-20℃以下时，CO2的SAE具有增强作用，使得而SAE由于极地表面温度极低，随着极地温度升高而产生积极影响，