Abstract

A novel sample pre-treatment technique based on vortex and ultrasound-assisted surfactant-enhanced emulsification microextraction followed by gas chromatographic–mass spectrometric detection has been developed to determine the selected pesticide residues in honey samples. The key parameters which have affected extraction efficiency were investigated and optimized. Under optimal conditions, the extraction recovery was 90–101% and the enrichment factors were 173–191. The concentration ranges of detection and quantification limits were from 0.03 to 0.9 ng/g and from 0.1 to 3 ng/g, respectively, in honey samples. The relative standard deviation was <5% for intra-day (n = 6) and <8% for inter-day precision (n = 4). Target pesticides were observed in 25% of the samples. The results of this study showed that the residues of such pesticides as bifenthrin, fenpyroximate and thiamethoxam were more than the maximum amount in some honey samples, which causes serious harm to human health.

中文翻译：

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涡旋和超声辅助表面活性剂增强乳化微萃取用于气相色谱-质谱法测定蜂蜜中的农药残留

摘要

开发了一种基于涡旋和超声辅助表面活性剂增强的乳化微萃取，然后进行气相色谱-质谱检测的新型样品预处理技术，以确定蜂蜜样品中的选定农药残留。研究和优化了影响萃取效率的关键参数。在最佳条件下，提取回收率为90–101％，富集因子为173–191。蜂蜜样品中检测限和定量限的浓度范围分别为0.03至0.9 ng / g和0.1至3 ng / g。日内相对标准偏差< 5％（n = 6），日间相对标准偏差< 8％（n= 4）。在25％的样品中观察到目标农药。研究结果表明，联苯菊酯，联苯吡肟和噻虫嗪等农药的残留量超过某些蜂蜜样品中的最高含量，对人体健康造成严重危害。