Comparative investigations of the structural characteristics and functional properties of Ti–Al–Mo–N and Ti–Al–Mo–Ni–N coatings fabricated by the ion-plasma-vacuum-arc deposition (arc-PVD) method are performed to study the influence of nanostructuring nickel additives. Coatings have a multilayered architecture with alternating layers of titanium and molybdenum nitrides. The molybdenum concentration is about 22 at % and that of nickel is 7 at %, which corresponds to optimal amounts for the best strength and tribological properties. It is shown that, when introducing nickel, the coating modulation period decreases from 60 to 30 nm with a simultaneous increase in hardness from 37 to 45 GPa. Herewith, the fracture toughness of coatings, which was judged from the relative work of plastic deformation and parameter H/E and H³/E², increases. Ductile nickel added to the structure of the hard nitride coating promotes a decrease in the level of compressing macrostresses in the material from –2.25 to –0.58 GPa, which, however, does not lead to a decrease in hardness and wear resistance, as is shown by scratch tests. It is concluded that the factor determining the physicomechanical characteristics of the coating is the refinement of the grain structure of the material rather than the macrostress level. The introduction of nickel positively affects the heat resistance of the coating, which successfully protects the substrate material against the oxidation at temperatures up to 700°C, which can be conditioned by the probability of the formation of Ni-containing oxides NiMoO₄ and NiTiO₃ on the surface. Herewith, their appearance, fracture, and effect as abrasive particles can be the reason for the variation in the wear mechanism under friction at high temperatures.

中文翻译：

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镍对自适应耐磨电弧PVD Ti-Al-Mo-N涂层结构和性能的影响

对通过离子-等离子体-真空-电弧沉积（arc-PVD）法制备的Ti-Al-Mo-N和Ti-Al-Mo-Ni-N涂层的结构特征和功能性能进行了比较研究，以研究纳米结构镍添加剂的影响。涂层具有多层结构，钛和氮化钼交替层。钼的浓度约为22at％，镍的浓度为7at％，这对应于具有最佳强度和摩擦学性能的最佳量。结果表明，当引入镍时，涂层的调制周期从60 nm减小到30 nm，同时硬度从37 GPa增加到45 GPa。据此，从塑性变形的相对功和参数H来判断涂层的断裂韧性。/ E和H ³ / E ²，增加。如图所示，添加到硬质氮化物涂层结构中的延性镍可促进材料中的压缩宏观应力水平从–2.25 GPa降低至–0.58 GPa，但这不会导致硬度和耐磨性降低通过刮擦测试。结论是，决定涂层物理力学性能的因素是材料晶粒结构的细化而不是宏观应力水平。镍的引入会积极影响涂层的耐热性，从而成功地保护基材免受高达700°C的温度的氧化，这可以通过形成含镍氧化物NiMoO ₄和NiTiO ₃的可能性来调节在表面上。因此，它们的外观，断裂和作为磨料颗粒的作用可能是高温摩擦下磨损机理变化的原因。