The aim of this study was the development of collagen and collagen/auricular cartilage scaffolds for application in dermal regeneration. Collagen was obtained from bovine tendon by a 72 h-long treatment, while bovine auricular cartilage was treated for 24 h and divided into two parts, external (perichondrium, E) and internal (elastic cartilage, I). The scaffolds were prepared by mixing collagen (C) with the internal part (CI) or the external part (CE) in a 3:1 ratio. Differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, microcomputed tomography imaging (micro-CT) and swelling degree were used to characterize the scaffolds. Cytotoxicity, cell adhesion, and cell proliferation assays were performed using the cell line NIH/3T3. All samples presented a similar denaturation temperature (Td) around 48 °C, while CE presented a second Td at 51.2 °C. SEM micrographs showed superficial pores in all scaffolds and micro-CT exhibited interconnected pore spaces with porosity above 60% (sizes between 47 and 149 µm). The order of swelling was CE < CI < C and the scaffolds did not present cytotoxicity, showing attachment rates above 75%—all samples showed a similar pattern of proliferation until 168 h, whereas CI tended to decrease after this time. The scaffolds were easily obtained, biocompatible and had adequate morphology for cell growth. All samples showed high adhesion, whereas collagen-only and collagen/external part scaffolds presented a better cell proliferation rate and would be indicated for possible use in dermal regeneration.

本研究的目的是开发胶原蛋白和胶原蛋白/耳软骨支架，用于真皮再生。通过长达72小时的处理从牛腱中获得胶原蛋白，而牛耳软骨则处理24小时并分为外部（软骨膜，E）和内部（弹性软骨，I）两部分。通过将胶原蛋白 (C) 与内部部分 (CI) 或外部部分 (CE) 以 3:1 的比例混合来制备支架。使用差示扫描量热法、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析、微型计算机断层扫描成像（micro-CT）和膨胀度来表征支架。使用细胞系 NIH/3T3 进行细胞毒性、细胞粘附和细胞增殖测定。所有样品均呈现相似的变性温度 (Td)，约为 48 °C，而 CE 呈现的第二个 Td 为 51.2 °C。 SEM 显微照片显示所有支架中的表面孔隙，显微 CT 显示相互连通的孔隙空间，孔隙率超过 60%（尺寸在 47 至 149 µm 之间）。肿胀顺序为CE < CI < C，支架不表现出细胞毒性，显示附着率高于75%——所有样品在168小时之前都显示出相似的增殖模式，而CI在这段时间之后趋于下降。该支架易于获得、具有生物相容性并且具有适合细胞生长的足够形态。所有样品均显示出高粘附力，而纯胶原蛋白支架和胶原蛋白/外部支架则呈现出更好的细胞增殖率，并有望用于真皮再生。