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Diversity from similarity: cellular strategies for assigning particular identities to actin filaments and networks.
Open Biology ( IF 5.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-02 , DOI: 10.1098/rsob.200157
Micaela Boiero Sanders 1 , Adrien Antkowiak 1 , Alphée Michelot 1
Affiliation  

The actin cytoskeleton has the particularity of being assembled into many functionally distinct filamentous networks from a common reservoir of monomeric actin. Each of these networks has its own geometrical, dynamical and mechanical properties, because they are capable of recruiting specific families of actin-binding proteins (ABPs), while excluding the others. This review discusses our current understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms that cells have developed over the course of evolution to segregate ABPs to appropriate actin networks. Segregation of ABPs requires the ability to distinguish actin networks as different substrates for ABPs, which is regulated in three different ways: (1) by the geometrical organization of actin filaments within networks, which promotes or inhibits the accumulation of ABPs; (2) by the identity of the networks' filaments, which results from the decoration of actin filaments with additional proteins such as tropomyosin, from the use of different actin isoforms or from covalent modifications of actin; (3) by the existence of collaborative or competitive binding to actin filaments between two or multiple ABPs. This review highlights that all these effects need to be taken into account to understand the proper localization of ABPs in cells, and discusses what remains to be understood in this field of research.



中文翻译:

来自相似性的多样性:将特定身份分配给肌动蛋白丝和网络的细胞策略。

肌动蛋白细胞骨架具有从单体肌动蛋白的共同储存器组装成许多功能不同的丝状网络的特殊性。这些网络中的每一个都有自己的几何、动力学和机械特性,因为它们能够招募特定的肌动蛋白结合蛋白 (ABP) 家族,同时排除其他家族。这篇综述讨论了我们目前对细胞在进化过程中发展起来以将 ABP 分离到适当的肌动蛋白网络的潜在分子机制的理解。ABP 的分离需要能够区分肌动蛋白网络作为 ABP 的不同底物,这通过三种不同的方式进行调节:(1)通过网络内肌动蛋白丝的几何组织,促进或抑制 ABP 的积累;(2) 通过网络细丝的识别,这是由于肌动蛋白细丝被其他蛋白质(如原肌球蛋白)修饰、使用不同的肌动蛋白同种型或肌动蛋白的共价修饰所致;(3) 通过在两个或多个 ABP 之间存在与肌动蛋白丝的协同或竞争性结合。本综述强调需要考虑所有这些影响,以了解 ABP 在细胞中的正确定位,并讨论了该研究领域仍有待了解的内容。

更新日期:2020-09-02
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