The reason for the loss of efficiency of adaptive phase correction in the propagation of optical waves in a turbulent atmosphere under conditions of 'strong' intensity fluctuations is experimentally explained for the first time. Based on the data from experiments conducted on both horizontal and vertical atmospheric paths, we have found that intensity fluctuations begin to significantly affect phase measurements when the coherence radius of the optical wave becomes less than the radius of the first Fresnel zone. Under these conditions, the main meter of adaptive optics systems, i. e. the Hartmann sensor, no longer provides correct measurements of the phase distribution in the presence of deep amplitude modulation. Based on the study of the behaviour of the mode components of the phase fluctuations reconstructed from the results of measurements in various operating regimes, we have found that, first of all, the amplitudes of the lowest modes of phase fluctuation expansion (tilts, de...

中文翻译：

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“强”强度波动条件下光波畸变的自适应相位校正的特殊性

首次通过实验解释了在“强烈”强度波动条件下，光波在湍流大气中传播时失去自适应相位校正效率的原因。根据在水平和垂直大气路径上进行的实验数据，我们发现，当光波的相干半径小于第一菲涅耳带的半径时，强度波动会开始显着影响相位测量。在这些条件下，自适应光学系统的主仪表，即Hartmann传感器，在存在深度幅度调制的情况下，将不再提供相位分布的正确测量值。