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Stabilization of Tetragonal Zirconia Nanocrystallites Using an Original Supercritical-Based Synthesis Route
Chemistry of Materials ( IF 7.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-02 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c01550
Aimery Auxéméry 1 , Gilles Philippot 1 , Matthew R. Suchomel 1 , Denis Testemale 2 , Cyril Aymonier 1
Affiliation  

To understand the importance of the particle size on the stabilization of metastable tetragonal ZrO2, ultrafine ZrO2 nanocrystals were synthesized via (i) the precipitation method in supercritical water using nitrate precursors, (ii) the sol–gel method in a supercritical ethanol–water mixture, and (iii) the borderline nonhydrolytic sol–gel route in supercritical ethanol using propoxide precursors. The obtained nanocrystals displayed a variation of the monoclinic versus tetragonal molar fractions from 100 wt % down to ≈10 wt % of monoclinic phase. This variation was concomitant with an overall size decrease of the nanocrystals, ranging from 7 to 2 nm depending on the synthesis procedures. Phase contents were quantified by refinement analysis of X-ray scattering data sets and crosschecked with Raman spectroscopy. Our results suggest that an upper limit of ≈90 wt % of the tetragonal ZrO2 phase is possible, even for ultrafine nanoparticles (2 nm). These findings thus question the existence of any critical size limit below which stabilization of pure t-ZrO2 is attainable at low temperatures.

中文翻译:

使用原始的基于超临界的合成路线稳定四方氧化锆纳米晶体

要了解粒度对稳定亚稳四方ZrO 2的重要性,超细ZrO 2纳米晶体是通过(i)在超临界水中使用硝酸盐前体的沉淀法,(ii)在超临界乙醇-水混合物中的溶胶-凝胶法以及(iii)在超临界乙醇中使用丙醇前体的临界非水解溶胶-凝胶途径合成的。 。所获得的纳米晶体显示出单斜晶相与四方晶的摩尔分数从单斜晶相的100重量%下降至≈10重量%的变化。这种变化伴随着纳米晶体的总体尺寸减小,取决于合成程序,范围从7到2nm。通过对X射线散射数据集的精细分析来定量相含量,并用拉曼光谱法进行交叉核对。我们的结果表明,四方ZrO 2的上限约为90 wt%即使对于超细纳米粒子(2纳米),也可以使用液相。因此,这些发现对任何临界尺寸极限的存在提出质疑,在该临界极限以下,在低温下可以获得稳定的纯t-ZrO 2
更新日期:2020-10-13
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