The late stage of the freefall of homogeneous and heterogeneous cones in a quiescent water medium and the induced flow are experimentally inspected using there-dimensional particle tracking velocimetry and volumetric particle image velocimetry. The structures shared the same geometry but had different combined specific gravity $SG\in [1.2,8]$. Results showed four distinct freefall patterns, which were modulated by the degree of heterogeneity and $SG$. They included i) straight fall, ii) regular sinusoidal-like trajectories with a maximum angle of oscillation respect to the vertical ${\theta }_{max}\pi /2$, and iv) tumbling followed by an irregular motion. The straight fall occurred in cones with $SG\gtrsim 6$ regardless of the mass distribution. The sinusoidal motions arose in the homogeneous cones with $SG

中文翻译：

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均质和非均质锥的自由落体

使用三维粒子跟踪测速仪和体积粒子图像测速仪，通过实验检查了静止水介质中均质和非均质锥的自由落体的后期以及诱导流。这些结构共享相同的几何形状，但具有不同的组合比重$\mathrm{小号}G\in [1.2，8]$。结果显示了四种不同的自由落体模式，其受异质性程度和$\mathrm{小号}G$。它们包括：i）直线下落，ii）相对于垂直方向具有最大振荡角的正弦形轨迹${\theta }_{米\mathrm{一种}X}\pi /2$iv）翻滚，然后进行不规则运动。直线下降发生在锥$\mathrm{小号}G\gtrsim 6$无论质量分布如何。在$ SG的同质锥中出现正弦运动