In the current work, a transient/dynamic 1-dimensional model has been developed in the commercial software APROS for the pilot 1 MW_th CFB boiler of the Technical University of Darmstadt. Experiments have been performed with the same unit, the data of which are utilized for the model validation. The examined conditions correspond to the steady-state operation of the boiler at 100, 80, and 60% heat loads, as well as for transient conditions for the load changes from 80 to 60% and back to 80%. Fair agreement is observed between the simulations and the experiments regarding the temperature profiles in the riser, the heat extracted by the cooling lances, as well as the concentration of the main species in the flue gases; a small deviation is observed for the pressure drop, which, however, is close to the results of a CFD simulation run. The validated model is extended with the use of a thermal energy storage (TES) system, which utilizes a bubbling fluidized bed to store/return the particles during ramp up/down operation. Simulations are performed both with and without the use of TES for the load path 100–80–60–80–100%, and the results showed that the TES concept proved to be superior in terms of changing load flexibility, since the ramp up and down times proved to be much faster, and lower temperature drops between the loads are observed in this case.

在目前的工作，瞬态/动态一维模型已经在商业软件开发APROS为先导1兆瓦_日达姆施塔特技术大学的CFB锅炉。实验是在同一单元上进行的，其数据用于模型验证。所检查的条件对应于锅炉在100％，80％和60％的热负荷下的稳态运行，以及在负荷从80％变为60％并再回到80％的瞬态情况下。在模拟和实验之间，关于立管中的温度曲线，冷却喷枪提取的热量以及烟道气中主要物质的浓度，观察到了合理的一致性。观察到压降有一个很小的偏差，但是接近于CFD模拟运行的结果。通过使用热能存储（TES）系统扩展了经过验证的模型，它利用鼓泡的流化床在升/降操作期间存储/返回颗粒。在负载路径100–80–60–80–100％的情况下，无论是否使用TES都进行了仿真，结果表明，TES的概念在改变负载的灵活性方面被证明是优越的，因为斜升和停机时间被证明要快得多，在这种情况下，观察到负载之间的温度下降更低。