ABSTRACT

Three species of Deinotherium sensu stricto (Proboscidea, Deinotheriidae), i.e., excluding Prodeinotherium, generally considered to have nonoverlapping chronostratigraphic distributions, are currently recognized from the Miocene of Europe: Deinotherium levius (late Astaracian/Aragonian, MN7+8), Deinotherium giganteum (type species; Vallesian, MN9–MN10), and Deinotherium proavum (a senior synonym of Deinotherium gigantissimum; Turolian, MN11–MN13). Here we describe a sample of 26 cheek teeth from four roughly coeval localities of Ronda Oest de Sabadell (ROS), in the Vallès-Penedès Basin, northeastern Iberian Peninsula, dated to the latest Vallesian (∼9.4–9.1 Ma, MN10) on biostratigraphic grounds. The remains from ROS-D3 represent all the permanent upper and lower dentition and can be unambiguously assigned to D. proavum, the largest deinothere from Europe, based on their large size (well above the range of D. giganteum). Remains from the other localities (ROS-D2, ROS-D5, and ROS-D8) are smaller and generally overlap in size with both D. proavum and D. giganteum. However, an assignment to the former species is more likely given that these species are not known to co-occur and that their dental size ranges were already known to overlap partially. The remains of D. proavum from ROS represent the oldest record of this species, the occurrence of which in the late Vallesian had already been recorded in the slightly younger (∼9.1 Ma) locality of Sinap 49, Turkey. Given that D. proavum is recorded before the Vallesian/Turolian boundary, and that smaller individuals of this species overlap in size with D. giganteum from the Vallesian, caution is required when making biostratigraphic correlations based on late Miocene deinothere remains from Europe.

摘要

目前从欧洲中新世中可以识别出3种严格的Deinotherium sensu stricto（Proboscidea，Deinotheriidae），除了Prodeinotherium，通常被认为具有不重叠的年代地层分布，这是欧洲中新世的：Deinotherium levius（Astaracian / Aragonian晚期，MN7 + 8），Deinotherium giganteum（Deinotherium giganteum）类型物种； Vallesian，MN9–MN10）和Deinotherium proavum（Deinotherium gigantissimum的高级同义词）; Turolian，MN11–MN13）。在这里，我们描述了来自伊比利亚半岛东北部Vallès-Penedès盆地Ronda Oest de Sabadell（ROS）四个大致中世纪地区的26个颊颊牙齿的样本，其历史可追溯到生物地层学最新的Vallesian（〜9.4–9.1 Ma，MN10）理由。ROS-D3的残骸代表所有永久的上下牙列，并且可以根据其大而定的明确区分为D. proavum，这是欧洲最大的恐龙，其远大于D. giganteum的范围。来自其他地方（ROS-D2，ROS-D5和ROS-D8）的残骸较小，并且通常在大小上与D. proavum和D. giganteum重叠。。但是，鉴于不知道这些物种同时发生，并且已知它们的牙齿大小范围已经部分重叠，因此更可能分配给前一种物种。遗体D. proavum从ROS代表这一物种的最古老的记录，这在后期Vallesian已经记录在SINAP 49，土耳其稍年轻（~9.1马）地区的发生。鉴于原头D. proavum记录在Vallesian / Turolian边界之前，并且该物种的较小个体与Vallesian的D. giganteum重叠，因此，在根据欧洲中新世晚期迪纳特线进行生物地层相关时仍需谨慎。