Abstract

A novel, efficient and cost-effective approach for preparing surface modified Sb₂O₃ nanoparticles was developed by combination modification of cationic modifier cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and silane coupling agent KH-560 via high energy ball milling. In the process of compound modification, the modifier of CTAB was introduced into the system in order to assist the dispersion of bare Sb₂O₃ nanoparticles prior to the modification of silane coupling agent KH-560. Then, the obtained Sb₂O₃ nanoparticles were further modified by the modifier of KH-560 to decrease the hydroxyl density of Sb₂O₃ nanoparticles surface. The successful compound modification of Sb₂O₃ nanoparticles was confirmed and the Sb₂O₃ nanoparticles modified by compound modifiers possess smaller particle size and larger grafting ratio than pristine Sb₂O₃ nanoparticles and single functionalized Sb₂O₃ nanoparticles. Additionally, the stability of dispersions in organic media, the zeta potentials in the modification system and specific surface areas of Sb₂O₃ nanoparticles with different surface properties were investigated. The effect of amount and varieties of modifiers on the surface properties of Sb₂O₃ nanoparticles has been discussed. The results show that the Sb₂O₃ nanoparticles modified by compound modifiers are dispersed on a primary particle level with the diameter size of 58 nm and possess a perfect dispersibility. Besides, the higher absolute values of zeta potential and larger grafting ratio of nano-Sb₂O₃ particles modified by compound modifiers demonstrate that the electrosteric stabilization has been achieved by a combination of electrostatic repulsion and steric stabilization.

摘要

通过高能球磨对阳离子改性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵 (CTAB) 和硅烷偶联剂 KH-560 进行组合改性，开发了一种新型、高效且经济的制备表面改性 Sb ₂ O ₃纳米颗粒的方法。在复合改性过程中，在硅烷偶联剂KH-560改性之前，将CTAB改性剂引入体系中以帮助裸Sb ₂ O ₃纳米粒子的分散。然后，将得到的Sb ₂ O ₃纳米颗粒进一步用KH-560改性剂进行改性，降低Sb ₂ O ₃的羟基密度纳米粒子表面。证实了Sb ₂ O ₃纳米颗粒的复合改性成功，复合改性剂改性的Sb ₂ O ₃纳米颗粒比原始Sb ₂ O ₃纳米颗粒和单官能化的Sb ₂ O ₃纳米颗粒具有更小的粒径和更大的接枝率。此外，研究了分散体在有机介质中的稳定性、改性体系中的 zeta 电位和具有不同表面性质的 Sb ₂ O ₃纳米颗粒的比表面积。改性剂用量和品种对Sb表面性能的影响已经讨论了₂ O ₃纳米颗粒。结果表明，复合改性剂改性的Sb ₂ O ₃纳米粒子在一次粒子水平上分散，粒径为58 nm，具有良好的分散性。此外，复合改性剂改性的纳米Sb ₂ O ₃颗粒具有更高的zeta电位绝对值和更大的接枝率，表明静电排斥和空间稳定的结合实现了静电稳定。