ABSTRACT

21^st century global market place is moving towards subtainable development and without this approach our future would be at risk. Today’s chemical industries need to give more focus for the planet through improving the environmental footprints of fuels and chemicals manufacturing processes. Oxidation and hydrogenation processes are widely used in the production of chemicals and fuels. Oxidation processes are especially important to convert petroleum-based materials to useful petrochemicals of higher oxidation state. Many existing oxidation processes, however, still rely on the use of stoichiometric oxidants, such as dichromate/sulfuric acid, permanganates, periodates, chromium oxides, osmium oxide etc., and remain a major source of environmental pollution. Therefore, oxidation processes using eco-friendly oxidizing agents such as molecular oxygen, ozone and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) are incresingly becoming important to improve the environmental sustainability. Hydrogen peroxide is especially attractive for the liquid-phase oxidation due to the presence of high percentage of active oxygen and the production of water as only by-product. As a result, H₂O₂-based eco-friendly oxidation processes are gradually replacing some well-established processes such as production of propylene oxide, caprolactam, phenol etc. Moreover, recent advances in the area of oxidation catalysis is promoting H₂O₂-based technologies to emerge as a frontline, eco-friendly sustainable processes. H₂O₂ is also finding greater applications in pulp/paper industries and waste water treatment as a substitute of chlorine-based oxidizing agents. Herein, we have analyzed various reactions using H₂O₂ as an oxidant and their recent advancement to bring important aspects of H₂O₂-based oxidation processes and catalysis. Moreover, various aspects of using H₂O₂ toward development of sustainable oxidation processes have been analyzed with respect to factors affecting the end uses in chemical industry such as efficiency, catalyst and reaction pathways. We have reviewed manufacturing trends of H₂O₂ and emerging applications of H₂O₂ in sustainable oxidation processes. Critical discussions have also been made on the opportunities and challenges with emerging H₂O₂ based oxidation processes in the production of bulk as well as specialty chemicals.

摘要

21^日世纪全球市场正在朝着可持续发展的方向发展，如果没有这种方法，我们的未来将处于危险之中。今天的化学工业需要通过改善燃料和化学品制造过程的环境足迹来更加关注地球。氧化和加氢工艺广泛用于化学品和燃料的生产。氧化过程对于将石油基材料转化为更高氧化态的有用石化产品尤为重要。然而，许多现有的氧化过程仍然依赖于使用化学计量氧化剂，例如重铬酸盐/硫酸、高锰酸盐、高碘酸盐、氧化铬、氧化锇等，并且仍然是环境污染的主要来源。因此，使用诸如分子氧等环保氧化剂的氧化过程，₂ O ₂ ) 对提高环境可持续性越来越重要。由于存在高百分比的活性氧和仅作为副产物产生水，过氧化氢对液相氧化特别有吸引力。因此，基于 H ₂ O ₂的环保氧化工艺正逐渐取代一些成熟的工艺，如生产环氧丙烷、己内酰胺、苯酚等。此外，氧化催化领域的最新进展正在推动 H ₂ O基于₂的技术将成为前沿、环保的可持续流程。H ₂ O ₂还在纸浆/造纸工业和废水处理中寻找更大的应用，以替代氯基氧化剂。在此，我们分析了使用 H ₂ O ₂作为氧化剂的各种反应及其最近的进展，以带来基于 H ₂ O ₂的氧化过程和催化的重要方面。此外，已经就影响化学工业最终用途的因素（例如效率、催化剂和反应途径）分析了使用 H ₂ O _{2开发可持续氧化过程的各个方面。}我们回顾了 H ₂ O _{2的制造趋势和 H 2}的新兴应用O ₂在可持续氧化过程中。_{还对新兴的基于 H 2} O ₂的氧化工艺在散装和特种化学品生产中的机遇和挑战进行了批判性讨论。